الفهرس 
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Abstract
- Twenty male patient were selected for this study
- All patients presented upper edentulous arch and lower arch with two remaining healthy mandibular canines
- All abutments were endodontically treated.
- All patients were divided into two equal groups according to abutment’s length, and patient’s abutments were subdivided into two equal groups according to abutment’s covering:
group I :
Which represent long abutments (5 mm length)
group I A :
Which is right sided long abutment (5 mm length) with metal copings
group I B :
Which is left sided long abutment (5 mm length) with no metal copings .
group II :
Which represent short abutments (2 mm length)
group II A :
Which is right sided abutment with metal copings with long posts (coping-post assembly)
group II B :
Which is left sided abutment design ( 2 mm length ) with no metal copings .
- All selected patients had received tooth supported mandibular overdentures and mucosa supported upper complete dentures.
- Denture construction was made following conventional technique.
- Subgingival bacteriological samples were taken from abutment’s gingival crevice using sterile endodontic paper points at the time of denture insertion and after three months from denture insertion to evaluate bacteriologically the effect of abutments design.
- The collected Samples were cultured, identified and counted
- Results were statistically calculated.
- The results of this study revealed an increase in anaerobic bacteria in both groups and it was found significant in G I A (patients rehabilitated with long abutments with copings) while all other groups have shown no significant difference before and after denture insertion.