الفهرس 
review of literatureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The need to sleep and obtain adequate rest is an essential bodily function -#102;-#114;-#111;-#109; birth to death. Like eating and breathing, sleep is necessary for human survival. Sleep pattern disturbances can occur in individuals who are living at home, or hospitalized. Sleep disruption is common in the hospital setting, and well recognized phenomenon in the intensive care unit leads to poor quality of sleep. Many factors may contribute to sleep pattern disturbances in the intensive care units including patient related factors, staff related factors, and environmental factors. br The nurse in the intensive care unit must be aware of all factors which might disturb the patients sleep. Also, an understanding of sleep patterns changes and an awareness of potential problems in the critically ill patient in the critical care environment will contribute to the health and wellbeing of patients. Therefore, this study was carried out in -#111;-#114;-#100;-#101;-#114; to identify factors associated with sleep pattern disturbance among patients in critical care units. br This study was conducted in the intensive care units of Alexandria Main University Hospital namely; General (Unit III), casualty (Unit I), Coronary, Open heart, Respiratory ICUs and post operative thoracic surgery unit. The sample comprised of 100 patients of both sexes admitted to the previously mentioned intensive care units. Patients aged 21 years and more, hospitalized for at least three days, able to communicate verbally, and without history of chronic sleep dis-#111;-#114;-#100;-#101;-#114;s before hospitalization were included in the study. Patients receiving hypnotic or narcotic medications were excluded -#102;-#114;-#111;-#109; the study. br Three tools were used to collect the necessary data about the study subjects in purpose to fulfill the aim of this study.