الفهرس 
Liver cancer epidemiology
Oxidative stress involvement in HCCOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract(GSPE) is known to be effective on
broad spectrum of biological properties in living cells including oxidative stress. It is widely consumed as a dietary supplement and could be useful in synergizing the efficacy of cancer chemotherapeutic agents in cancer
treatment.The protective effect of GSPE against hepatotoxcin-induced toxicity may be attributed to its potential to act as a hydrogen-donating free radical scavenger and singlet oxygen quencher and to their antioxidant activity. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of proanthocyanidin on preneoplastic lesions and liver cancer induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of Diethylnitrosamine (DEN).7-8 week old male Sprague Dawley (S.D.) with 120 ± 125gm rats were divided into six groups: group 1 (normal feeding - fed on basal diet; as –ve control), group 2 (DEN,
200 mg/kg b.wt.), group 3 (DEN, 200 mg/kg b.wt. + GSPE, 300 mg/kg
b.wt.), group 4 (DEN, 200 mg/kg b.wt. + GSPE, 150 mg/kg b.wt.), group 5
(GSPE, 300 mg/kg b. wt.), group 6 (GSPE, 150 mg/kg b.wt.). The animals
were sacrificed after 22 weeks of start.
Percentages of absolute and relative organ weights (organ wt/b.wt x 100) of all rats were taken for the livers,kidneys, spleen, testes and brain after organs being necropsied.