الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading
cause of cancer death in females worldwide. About half the breast cancer cases
and 60% of the deaths are estimated to occur in economically developing
countries. Most breast cancer deaths are due to advanced cancer, diagnosed
when metastases have already disseminated to lymph nodes or distant organs.
The assumption underlying breast cancer screening is that screening will detect
potentially life-threatening cancers at an early stage, before they metastasize.
Logically, screening is expected to reduce the incidence of advanced cancer,
followed by a reduction in breast cancer mortality.
Mammography is the only imaging modality that has been shown to reduce
mortality from breast cancer through screening and early detection, but it is an
imperfect tool with an overall sensitivity of 75%–85%. Specificity is limited;
positive predictive value is of 25%–45% range. For staging, sensitivity may be even
poorer, with missed multifocal or multicentric disease resulting in incorrect
treatment options being offered to the patient.
Contrast enhanced digital mammography is a new advanced application of
full-field digital mammography enabling the detection of angiogenesis in breast
carcinoma. This new breast imaging method can be easily implemented clinically
using a current digital mammography system with minor adaptations and
commercially available iodinated contrast agent. CEDM should be a useful adjunct
to diagnostic mammography and a promising problem-solving and staging tool.