الفهرس 
Primary prevention of impalpable breast cancer & screening for early detectionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 145 |  |  |
| | | from | 145 | | |
Abstract
The burden of non-palpable breast cancers continues to rise with increasing implementation of screening programmes as mammography.
Technological advances, such as those using magnetic nanotechnology, which have allowed the principles of radio-guided surgery to be applied without the need for radioisotopes, might provide a mainstream alternative to WGL, once their efficacy is supported by rigorous clinical trials. The use of therapeutic U/S devices, such as HIFU, provides an opportunity for non-invasive real-time surgical tumor visualization and therapy, enabling what was once hidden from the surgeon to be seen for the first time.
Eventually we can conclude that none of the minimally invasive treatment approaches is used in current clinical practice for treatment of breast cancer and are used only for study settings.
Surgery remains the standard local treatment of breast cancer, with radiation therapy if needed clinically. The value of these treatments compared with traditional open surgery needs to be confirmed by large prospective studies. In addition, cost-effectiveness and long-term effect on cosmetic outcomes still need to be investigated.
Key words
-Impalpable breast cancer
-Mammograghy
-Risk Factors
-Localization techniques