الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present work was oriented to study the following items:
1- Isolation and identification of the endoparasitic helminthes of fresh water fishes (Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia nilotica) collected from two sites in Kafr EL-Sheikh Governorate; Al-Gharbiya Drainage Canal (Drainage Canal) and Bahr Tirah (River Nile Branch).
2- Studying the prevalence of endoparasitic helminthes infect Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia nilotica.
3- Studying the relationship between the collected endoparasitic helminthes and the environmental pollutants as heavy metals.
4- Studying effect of the collected endoparasitic helminthes on the biochemical blood parameters of fish regarding to liver and kidney functions (SGPT {ALT}, SGOT {AST}, Creatinine and Urea).
The importance of fish as promising source of protein, especially with rapidly increasing human population and the animal protein shortage all over the world, cannot be denied. Fishes as substitutes of animal proteins considered nowadays most inviting. They represent one of the best nutritious, relatively cheap food-stuff, if compared with other animal protein sources.
Diseases and parasites can play a very significant role in fish population (Paperna, 1996). Now, there is more awareness of the importance of studying fish parasites as one of the major obstacles in fish production. About 80% of fish diseases are parasitic especially for warm water fishes (Eissa et al., 2010). Fishes like any other vertebrate are suffering from parasitic infestation either as final or intermediate hosts, with the possibility of transmission of these to human-being through consumption of under-cooked or salted fishes appears of greater importance (Mohamed, 1994).
Pollution of environmental water is a serious and growing problem all over the world. Fish accumulate pollutants directly from contaminated water and indirectly by ingestion the contaminated organisms (Abou Zaid, 2011). Heavy metals are natural trace components of the aquatic environment but their levels have increased due to domestic, industrial, mining and agricultural activities (Kalay and Canli, 2000). Discharge of heavy metals into river or any aquatic area can change both aquatic species diversity and ecosystems, due to their toxicity and accumulative behavior. Aquatic organisms such as fish and shell fishes accumulate metals to concentrations many times higher than present in water (Olaifa et al., 2004).
It is well known that certain blood parameters serve as reliable indicators of fish health (Bond, 1979) as many parasites can live in a host, some times causing damage to it. Therefore, the changes associated with hematological parameters due to various parasites establish a data base, which could be used in diseases diagnosis and in guiding the implementation of the treatment. These measures are essential in fish farming and fish industry (Roberts, 1981). Blood parameters are considered physiological indicators of the whole body and therefore are important in diagnosis of the structural and functional status of fish exposed to pollutants (Adhikari and Betal, 2004).