الفهرس 
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Abstract
The effects of n-3 fatty acids from animal source (Cod liver oil, CLO) and plant source (Linseed oil, LSO) and mixture of both (MO) on rehabilitation of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in weanling rats were studied. PEM was induced in weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats by feeding a diet containing 3% casein+ 3% Fat (corn oil) for a
period of 5 weeks. PEM was verified in sub-sample of rats (n = 20),
which was served as PEM control (MC). The PEM rats were divided into 4 groups and were shifted to the following experimental diets: basal diet (B), 6.5% cod liver oil containing diet, 6.5% Linseed oil diet, 3.25% CL0+3.25% LSO. A group of normal rats were fed basal diet till the end of the study and served as normal control (NC2). The animals were fed ad-libitum there different diets for further 5 weeks.
Food intake and body weight were recorded two times per week. Organs weights were recorded at the time of sacrificing. The measuring indices were; food intake, body weight gain, relative and absolute weights of some organs; hemoglobin and hematocrit; serum total proteins, albumin, globulin and albumin /globulin ratio; liver and kidney function tests, lipid pattern in serum, liver and brain; fatty acids profile in liver and brain total lipids; lipid peroxidation (MDA) and glutathione in liver and brain. Histopathological examination of liver, spleen, kidney and brain was also carried out.
The results of the study can be summarized as follow:
• Food intake, the change in body weight and the food efficiency ratio were highly significantly lowered in PEM rats by 50.9%, 98% and 86%, respectively, in comparison with NC1.
• There was a highly significant reduction in the abso}ute weight of liver (69%), spleen (84%), kidney (72%), heart (62%), testes (67%) and brain (18%) in PEM rats as compared with NCl.
• The PEM rats exhibited significant increase in the relative weights of heart and brain, and significant reduction of the relative weight