الفهرس 
Part I Promising IPM Programmes for Controlling Tuta absoluta on TomatoOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Field experiments were conducted at Kafr El-Sheikh Agricultural College farm, at 2013 and 2014 to evaluate different programmes for Tuta absoluta control. Monitoring used sex pheromone traps indicated three fly peaks during the experimental period. Evaluation of all treatments on larvae revealed that basic treatments resulted in poor to medium effect with superiority to imidacloprid treatments. Economic benefit was parallel to efficiency potency. Residues of the three pesticide, were detected from the initial time which are declined with time. Methamidophos was the most persistence and had the most PHI and t½ period. Residues of imidacloprid and spinosad didn’t pose health risk, while those of methamidophos had health risk for periods according to treatment. Eco-toxicity resulting from feeding on treated tomato revealed deleterious effects of methamidophos alone or combined with spinosad. Imidachloprid proved to reduce oxidative stress and so did salicylic acid. Imidacloprid combined with spinosad or salicylic acid treated tomato and male trapping was the most promising IPM program.