الفهرس 
Bone graftingOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study is concern of developing nanohydroxyapatite (n- HA) powder from biogenic sources such as fish
bone skeletons and preparation of n- HA scaffolds coated with PCL
to be used as degradable bone substitution. Prepare highly porous
scaffolds having a porosity of 85 % from hydroxyapatite powder
prepared from biogenic resources such as fish bone skeletons by
using cheap and simple eco-friendly method. Million tons of fish
and shellfish are caught each year, causing serious problems in the
environment. So that the utilization of fish bones skeletons waste
will decrease environmental pollution of our country and increase
the national economy. The Preparation of the scaffolds from
biogenic resources qualified them for bone formation. The prepared
scaffolds are characterized by their good mechanical efficiency.
The preparation method included three essential steps:
First step:
1. Preparation of pure and fine hydroxyapatite powder having
a grain 50 nm from natural resources such as fish bone
skeletons by thermal treatment. 2. Formation of highly porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds
prepared from fish bone skeletons having a grain ) 974.1
nm to 3.112 𝛍 m) using Polymeric Sponge Method
Second step:
Reinforcement of hydroxyapatite scaffolds by coating with
PCL to produce HA/ PCL (2, 4, & 6 %) for different time intervals (5,
10 and 15 min) scaffolds by the method of polymer impregnating to
produce HA scaffold coated with PCL composites. So, the best
socking was HA/ 4 % PCL for (10 min). The chemical structures for
the samples were studied using (FTIR). For morphological structure,
The SEM microscopy associated with (EDX) was used in order to
determine the shape of the obtained components, the degradation
behavior at different time intervals, and the weight loss %, after
immersion in double distilled water for 1 month, were recorded.
Third step:
HA& HA/ 4 % PCL scaffolds were implanted in femur bone defects
of fortieth rats to evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. The
other twenty rats were not subjected to surgery. They served as a
control group for comparison regarding blood analysis.
- Biological studies for safety evaluation of implanted materials
It is important to study the biological behavior of any
materials implanted inside the animals and to estimate their safety evaluation to be used as bioceramics. The blood samples were
taken after 2 and 6 months of experimental study, these animals
was divided into three groups:-
1. Control group
This group includes 20 normal control rats.
Hydroxyapatite scaffolds treated group
This group contains 20 normal albino rats treated with HA
scaffolds.
3. Hydroxyapatite / 4 % PCL scaffolds treated group.
This group having 20 normal albino rats treated with HA / 4
% PCL scaffolds.
The blood analyses were carried out as the following:
-Liver and kidney functions tests:
Statistic analysis showed normal liver and kidney function as
compared to the control group.
- Tumor markers and Free radical biomarker.
No carcinogenic effect and no oxidative effect over the animals as
compared with the control group.
- Inflammatory effect
No inflammatory effect.