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Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia is a neoplasm characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of precursor myeloid cells with stoppage of maturation at various stages.As a consequence, those cells accumulate in the bone marrow, normal hematopoietic cells are replaced by leukemic cells which finally appear in the blood and may infiltrate different organs. Immunophenotyping has become an important tool in diagnosis and classification of acute myeloid leukemia. CD96 has been described as a unique stem cell antigen, that has been shown to be expressed on the majority of the LSCs population and at a much lower frequency on HSCs. The presence of CD96 expression allows AML-LSCs to be distinguished from normal HSCs. So it may be used as a candidate therapeutic target in AML.CD 123 is the alpha subunit of IL-3R that was observed on cells of the myeloid lineage and on AML blasts, as well as on LSCs in 75–89% of AML patients. It has been identified as a potential immunotherapeutic target because it is overexpressed in AML compared with normal hematopoietic stem cells. |