الفهرس 
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Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence and prognostic implications of anemia on major adverse cardiac events ( death , myocardial infarction and target vessel revascularization) in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention either elective or primary intervention.
It was conducted in Nasser institute Hospital cath. Lab between June 2011and December 2012. The study included 500 consecutive patients underwent either elective or primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
All patients were subjected to the following:
1. Full medical history with special emphasis on:
a- Age. b- Sex. c- Smoking status.
d- Presence of : hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and family history of coronary artery disease .
e-History of previous percutaneous coronary intervention, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft or history of bleeding.
2. General and local cardiac examination.
3. 12 leads surface ECG.
4. Echocardiography.
5. Blood samples to assess the baseline level of Hb and another sample to measure Hb on the second day to assess the decrease in Hb level.
6. Interventional data were recorded.
7. Patients were classified according to the baseline Hb level into nonanemic with Hb ≥ 12gm/dL (group I) and anemic Hb < 12gm/dL (group II). Both groups were subdivided according to the level of Hb decrease on the second day post procedure into patients with Hb decrease < 1gm/dl (A) and patients with Hb decrease ≥ 1gm/dL ( B).
8. Patients were followed up for in-hospital mortality, at both 30 days and 6 month for major adverse cardiac events (death, myocardial infarction and target vessel revasculariztion).
79 patients were found to be anemic ( group II) (an incidence of 15.8%). Of the classic coronary risk factors, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipiemia were more frequent in anemic patients . At the same time, patients in both groups almost have the same number of CAD risk factors.
The main finding of the present study is that anemia remained an independent predictor of mortalitiy both at 30-days and 6 month, MACE at 30-day and 6 month as well as 6-month TVR even after adjustment for the possible confounding effect of the magnitude of DROP in hemoglobin and the number of risk factors for CAD. However, there was no statistically significant relation between pre-procedure anemia and in-hospital mortality, 30 day TVR or 6 month MI.
Moreover, the magnitude of Hb DROP on the second day after PCI was an independent predictor of 6-month mortality, 6-month MI, 6-month TVR and 6-month MACE.