الفهرس 
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Abstract
Fifteen soil and nighnteen sediment samples were collected in-front of different cities along Rashid branch of the River Nile; Banha, Quesna, Berket-Elsaba, Kafr-Elshekh, Desouk, Kafr-elzayyat, Elbehera and Rashid. Natural radioactivity concentrations of 238U(226Ra), 232Th and 40K have been evaluated for all samples by means of gamma spectrometric analysis using hyper pure Ge detector. The radioactivity levels for both soil and sediment samples from Banha, Quesna, Berket-Elsabaa, Kafr-Elshekh, Desouk and Elbehera fall within the international recommended values.Nevertheless, a high natural background radiation zones are detected at Kafr-Elzayyat region due to the presence of a fertilizer factory and at Rashid region due to the presence of black sand deposits that are dominated their. The average activity concentrations of (238U(226Ra), 232Th and 40K) for soil samples from Banha, Quesna, Berket-Elsabaa, Kafr-Elzayyat and Rashid regions are (14.4±0.84, 13.1±1.08 and 216.1±4.8 Bq/Kg), (10.7±0.7, 9.1±1.03 and 354.6±6.3 Bq/Kg), (10.3±0.72, 7.5±0.4 and 245±3.6 Bq/Kg), (108.6±1.86, 9.8±1.037and127±5.2 Bq/Kg), (46±1.23, 61±1.4 and 83±3.4 Bq/Kg), respectively. The corresponding results for sediment samples from Berke-Elsabaa, Kafr-Elshekh, Desouk, Kafr-Elzayyat, Elbehera and Rashid regions are (14.6±0.55, 13.±0.92and 299±5.9 Bq/Kg), (17.3±1.21, 20.23±2.3 and 265±6.3 Bq/Kg), (11.6±0.67, 9.6±0.8 and 355.3±7.3 Bq/Kg), (11.5±0.56, 6.5±0.71 and 249±6.63 Bq/Kg), (21±1.11, 16.4±0.997 and 371.33±6.7 Bq/Kg), (93.85±1.4, 112±1.78 and 119±3.66 Bq/Kg), respectively.
The radiation hazard (absorbed dose rate, radium equivalent activity, the annual effective dose equivalent, hazard indices, gamma index and excess life time cancer risk) are calculated and compared with the previously reported data. High values for some of the radiation health parameters are adopted at Kafr-Elzayyat and Rashid regions representing a serious problem to public because they use the soil and sediment as a constructing materials for their buildings.
The isotopic analysis of uranium for some collected sediment samples via alpha spectrometry showed average specific activities of 18.7±3.6, 0.087±0.0038 and 18.6±3.8 Bq/Kg for 234U, 235U and 238U respectively , the ratios of activities 234U/238U are ranged from 0.94 to 1.06, i.e about unity.The values of 235U activities were estimated and is equal to or less than 0.7 % of the total uranium.