الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Microsurgery is an important surgical field and it is important in almost all surgical specialties. Microsurgery should be learned in a laboratory and not on patients. Few instruments are needed in microsurgical training: Loupes (3x, 5.5x), a needle holder, micro-scissor and jeweler’s forceps. Suturing and non-suturing techniques can be used in microvascular anastomosis. Inspite of the advantages of non-suturing technique, it is not approved by almost all surgeons due to its cost.
There are two types of microvascular anastomosis. The end-to-end and the end-to side anastomosis. Many models were used for microsurgical training in the laboratory. These models were either organic or inorganic. Inorganic models included polyurethane vessels, gauze or gloves. Organic models were either living or non-living. Living models such as animals have many advantages and many disadvantages. Ureters and vas deference were used as non-living organic models.
In this study, few microsurgical instruments and umbilical cord were used in microsurgical training. Forty anastomoses were done using the standard end-to- end and end-to-side anastomosis. Examination of patency and leakage was done by injection of methylene blue at the end of all anastomoses.
In this study, ten patients (Male 70% and Female 30%) were treated in plastic surgery department, Alexandria University Hospitals for reconstruction of soft tissue using free flaps. Ages of the patients ranged from 25 to 68 years old with average of 47.1 years old. Fifty percent of the patients were smokers.
In all cases, the recipient site was firstly prepared by assessment of the recipient vessels and expose them. After that the chosen flap was harvested using 3x loupe. Preparation of the anastomotic ends and anastomosis were done using 5.5x loupe in substitution for the operative microscope. Then the anastomosis patency was checked using surgical microscope before wound closure.