الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer, global accounting for at least 40% of all cancers. The most common type of skin cancer is nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC), which occurs in at least 2-3 million people per year. Several types of skin cancer fall within the broader category of NMSC, with the most common types being basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). About 80% are BCC and 20% are SCC (Cakir et al., 2012). In the United States in 2015, an estimated 6,230 cases of deaths from skin cancers other than malignant melanoma (MM) (American Cancer Society, 2015). In Lower Egypt the estimated incidence rates per100, 000 persons with skin cancer (other than melanoma) from 2009 to 2011 was 1.8 and 1.7 in males and females respectively. In Middle Egyptin2009, the incidence rate was 1.7 and 1 in males and females respectively. In Upper Egyptin 2008 , the incidence rate was 1.1 and 1.9 in males and females respectively. According to population growth alone would increase the number of incident cases of skin cancers in Egypt by 55.2% to reach at 2013 to 119 and 1547 cases with MM and NMSC, respectively. As for 2015, the incidence would reach to 132 and 1666 cases with MM and NMSC, respectively (Ibrahim et al., 2014). Greater than 90% of cases are caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. Exposure has increased partly due to a thinner ozone layer. The ozone layer has decreased by approximately 2% over the past 20 years. A 2% decrease in ozone concentration will increase the biologically effective radiation from the sun by approximately 4%. These radiations will cause direct DNA damage and suppress the immune system in several ways.It is estimated