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Abstract
Use of umbilical cord stem cells has seen increasing interest, due to high interleukin-10 levels produced by the cells and expression of the beta-2-microglobulin on human cord blood stem cells. Human cord blood stem cells have shown functional recovery in the animals. The aim of the present work was to study the role of the stem cells extracted from human umbilical cord and umbilical cord blood in acute and chronic kidney failure in rats especially in the presence of some growth factors e.g. insulin like growth factor-1 . The detection of insulin and insulin like growth factor-1 in the extract of human umbilical cord tissue , placenta ,uterine curettage and uterine tissue , using gel electrophoresis and investigation of their biological activity in presences of cyclosporine a was done in this study. MSCs and HSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord and umbilical cord blood and were cultured and stored for usage for renal failure treatment. Acute renal failure in rats was developed by using 5 mg of cisplatin per kg body weight as one dose, while chronic renal failure in rats was developed using 15 mg doxorubicin (adriamycin) /kg body weight one dose. All the experiments were performed on 128 adult male Sprague Dawley albino rats with body weights of 70 to 120 gm. We found that uterine tissue and its accessory tissues like umbilical cord, placental tissue and uterine curettage were found to be important sources of growth factors e.g insulin and insulin like growth factor1. Umbilical cord tissue and umbilical cord blood isolated stem cells; mesenchymal stem cell and haematopoietic stem cells help renal tissue regeneration significantly in both acute and chronic renal failure which was confirmed by Histopathological and biochemical methods. Insulin and insulin like growth factor-1 showed an effective role in tissue regeneration in rats treated with stem cells. In presence or absence of cyclosporine a as an immunosuppersor drug ; cord stem cells reduced rejection. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to realize the role of stem cells in kidney (and other tissues) disease.
Key words:
Umbilical cord , Stem cell , Mesenchymal stem cell , Haematopiotiec stem cell, acute renal failure , chronic renal failure , Insulin like growth factor-1.