الفهرس 
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Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is defined as a degenerative disease of the photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the human macula affecting elderly persons, above 50 years of age.
The very first population-based studies were conducted in Caucasian populations of the United States and other industrialized countries (Australia, Europe). The high prevalence of AMD was documented among individuals 65 years and older in Western societies.
Further studies extended to other ethnical subgroups of industrialized countries (African Americans, Latinos) and to other parts of the world (India, China, and Japan).
According to the World Health Organization in 2012, age-related macular degeneration ranked third globally as a cause of blindness after cataract and glaucoma.
The primary aim of the present study was to investigate the age-specific and sex-specific prevalence of different AMD types in elderly subjects attending Alexandria University Main Hospital.
Our secondary aim was to examine associations between AMD and some risk factors.
1000 eyes of 532 subjects underwent full ophthalmological examination and colored fundus photography. Grading of AMD was based on the International classification proposed by the International ARM Epidemiological Study Group.