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Abstract This study was conducted on eleven healthy adult white New Zealand rabbits with average weight 2-3kg. They were caged in experimental animal house at Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University. All rabbits were classified into two groups: I- Control group: one unoperated rabbit served as controls II- Study group: Included ten rabbits; two rabbits will be sacrificed at one week, two weeks, one month, two months and three months. All the animals were examined by a veterinarian to exclude any diseased animal; they were weighted to estimate the amount of anesthetic solution and all of them fasted the night before the surgical operation to prevent vomiting after anesthesia. The surgical procedure was done under complete aseptic conditions for all rabbits. Autologous blood was aspirated from pinna vein and reinjected into the superior joint space and peri capsular area, followed by external ligature elastic for fixation in the first 24h.Finally, intra mascular injection of antibiotic and analgesic to alleviate post operative pain and infection. Each rabbit is sacrificed according to the post injection periods and the obtained specimen are harvested and prepared for histological evaluation. After one and two weeks, HE revealed slight decrease in cell number and thickness of condylar cartilage, in addition to increase in fibrous layer as compared with the control. No apparent increase in fibrous tissue collagen fibers as encountered with trichrome stain.After one month, HE and trichrome staining showed regional loss of chondrocytes. The cartilage layer showed degeneration and necrosis of chondrocytes, while some areas show areas of calcification. After two and three months, the cartilage zone is intact showing regenerative changes with new cartilage formation, the fibrous layer is the same thickness as that of the control and the bone region is similar to the control with evidence of areas of new bone formation. The collagen fibers and the fibrous layer are intact, no fibrous bed formation, no fibrous adhesions and no remnants at all. All of the data gained in this study support the superiority of injection of autologous blood for the initial management of most chronic recurrent TMJ. It can be concluded that autologous blood injection serves as an alternative, minimally invasive non-surgical procedure for the treatment of chronic recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint. There are numerous advantages regarding autologous blood injections for the treatment of chronic recurrent TMJ dislocation. Because there is no incisions or tissue dissection were carried out. Autologous blood injection compared to the invasive procedures where the susceptibility of facial nerve injuries; altered sensation, swelling, infection & pain may exist. Moreover, the injection of autologous blood to the TMJs could be performed under local anesthesia or under intravenous sedation and there is no need to hospital admission or general anesthesia. Autologous blood injection is a simple technique that can be performed on an outpatient basis. |