الفهرس 
Air Gap Membrane Distillation (AGMD)Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 3 |  |  |
| | | from | 3 | | |
Abstract
A membrane distillation system was designed and assembled using a 1 m2 polypropylene tubular membrane unit from Microdyn Technologies. The flow-through shell and tube membrane unit was counter-current. The system was theoretically compared to a 2 m2 hollow fiber membrane unit. The following conclusions and observations were drawn from this work: 1. Feed water flow rates in the range of 15 to 20 litter/min, the pure water permeate flow rate increases sharply. Thus because, in this region, feed water converts from laminar to tubular flow. 2. for Qf = Qc.w = 15 L/min the pure water productivity decreases per day ”12 hrs” from 36.2148 kg/day to 31.8684 kg/day when salt concentration increases from 0 g NaCl/L water to 40 g NaCl/L water.3. For Qf = Qc.w = 20 L/min the pure water productivity decreases per day ”12 hrs” from 40.587 kg/day to 37.0818 kg/day when salt concentration increases from 0 g NaCl/L water to 40 g NaCl/L water. 4. The cost of production is 0.46 LE/Liter for operating time 340 days / year which is cost competitive with reverse osmosis in remote areas. 5. Maximum productivity, daily efficiency, and Gain output ratio (GOR) were 40.02 kg/day, 60.06%, and 0.624 respectively. 6. The pure water productivity to inlet saline water percentage within 12 hr/day reaches 20%, and this percentage can be increased by increasing operating time per day. 7. With the tubular module, a 4 wt.% NaCl solution decreases the permeate flux by 8.2% compared to pure distilled water.