الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction Periodontal disease is one of the common inflammatory diseases with complex etiology and multifactorial in origin. There are important enzymes associated with cell injury and cell death like: aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST, ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline and acidic phosphatase (ALP, ACP), gamaglutamyltransferase (GGT).Saliva has been discussed lately as an important biological material that introduces new diagnostic tests which may contribute in the diagnosis and explaining the pathogenesis of many diseases Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of conventional periodontal treatment (scaling and/or root planing) on the levels of salivary (AST, ALT, ALP, ACP and GGT) enzymes in chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis patients. Subjects and Methods: A total of sixty three subjects were included in the study with an age ranged from thirty to fifty years. They were divided into three groups. Group 1(control group) included 20 healthy subjects. Group 2 included 20 patients; those patients were diagnosed as having chronic gingivitis. Group 3 included 23 patients; those patients were diagnosed as having chronic periodontitis. Study groups (group 2 and group 3) had undergone conventional non-surgical periodontal treatment. Stimulated saliva was collected from all individuals included in the study at each predetermined collection time; the first sample was collected from all groups (study and control) before scaling and root planning.The second sample was collected 4 weeks after scaling and/or root planning from study groups. The activity of the (AST, ALT, ALP, ACP and GGT) enzymes in saliva was determined spectrophotometrically using commercially available kits. Results: In this study, analysis of salivary (AST, ALT, ALP, ACP and GGT) showed significantly higher levels in patients of chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis as compared to the controls. In addition, these levels declined significantly 4 weeks after periodontal treatment with an improvement in the periodontal status as judged by the clinical parameters. When comparing the salivary (AST, ALT, ALP, ACP and GGT) levels of chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis patients, the levels were significantly higher in chronic periodontitis patients, as compared to chronic gingivitis patients. Conclusions: Salivary (AST, ALT, GGT, ALP and ACP) enzymes can be considered as biochemical markers of the functional condition of periodontal tissues which provides new opportunities in making diagnoses and following the efficiency of curing periodontal disease.