الفهرس 
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Abstract
Cellulose dissolving pulps were prepared from wheat and rice straw followed by bleaching using hydrogen peroxide. The produced pulps where characterized by identifying alpha cellulose, crystallinity, ash contents. Graft copolymerization of acrylamide monomer onto cellulose using benzoyl peroxide as initiator was performed. The conditions of grafting such as monomer concentration, initiator ratio, grafting time and grafting temperature were evaluated. The structure of grafted fibers was investigated using FTIR and elemental analysis. The results have indicated that the optimum conditions for cellulose grafting were performed using a ratio of 1:4 between cellulose and monomer and 1: 0.3 between cellulose and initiator in 3 hours at 70◦C.
The introducing of the hydrophilic carboxyl group by hydrolysis the grafted pulps increases it is swelling properties and it is efficiency towards ion exchange, was studied.
On the other hand another way to improve the properties of wheat and rice straws dissolving pulps as ion exchanger to absorb metal ions by grafting of acrylamide in presence of crosslinker (epichlorohydrin), xanthation and xanthation in presence of crosslinker.
All this was studied and proved by the determination of the infrared spectroscopy, grafting (G %), grafting efficiency (G.E %), water retention value (WRV %), sodium binding capacity and metal ions uptake of grafted viscous pulp, grafted crosslinked viscous pulp, hydrolyzed grafted, hydrolyzed grafted crosslinked viscous pulp, Xanthate samples and Xanthate samples in presence of crosslinker.