الفهرس 
Epidemiology of fracturesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Older people make up a large and increasing percentage of the population. As people grow older they are increasingly at risk of fractures.
At age of 50 years 4 in every 10 women will experience an osteoporotic fracture in their remaining lifetime. Function and quality of life may deteriorate drastically after a fracture; at least 50% of elderly people who were ambulatory before fractures do not recover their previous level of mobility. Other complications include chronic pain, disability, diminished quality of life, and premature death. The mortality resulting from hip fractures in developed countries is about 25% in the first 12 months following the event although less common, vertebral fractures are also associated with long term morbidity and increased mortality.
Elderly are more prone to develop fractures due to osteoporosis, recurrent falls, visual impairment, functional impairment, multiple co morbidities and some drugs.
Fractures occur more often in geriatric homes as geriatric home residents are generally frailer than seniors living in the community. They tend to be older, and have greater limitations in their activities of daily living. They also tend to have more chronic illnesses, be physically dependent, and have a higher prevalence of walking problems.
Therefore prevention of fractures is of major importance because it avoids considerable mortality, morbidity and suffering for older people and their families, and decreases social costs of hospital and nursing home admissions.
This thesis was conducted to determine prevalence of fractures risk factors in elderly living in geriatric homes and the significance of each risk factor.
It is a cross sectional study conducted on 100 nursing home residents 60 years and older; both males and females.
The study showed that the prevalence of fractures in geriatric homes in Cairo is 21 %, the most prevalent risk factor for fractures is recurrent falls (49%), while the least prevalent risk factor is chronic kidney disease (2%), it also showed that the significant risks of fractures are functional impairment in ADL and IADL, slower timed up and go test, advancing age and previous fractures.
The current study showed that estimated 10 year risk of hip and major osteoporotic fracture significantly increases with previous fractures denoting their importance as a risk factor for subsequent fractures.
Also the study stated that cut off (threshold for treatment) of FRAX tool for major osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture is 7% and 3% respectively.
Finally the study also stated that Garvan tool is considered the most sensitive in predicting the 10 year risk of hip and major osteoporotic fractures, while FRAX is considered the most specific tool to calculate such risk.