الفهرس 
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Abstract
Polymers and composites with different functional groups have a great importance in several applications due to their high adsorption capacities, regeneration abilities and reuse for continuous processes. Ionizing radiation has long been recognized as a suitable technique for the formation of polymers and composites. Easy process control, possibility of polymer formation, no waste and relatively low running cost in mass-production and no necessary to add any initiators are advantages of ionizing radiation. These advantages make irradiation a method of choice in the preparation of polymers.
The present work is focused on the preparation, characterization and applications of some modified polymeric hydrogels, resin and composites. This can be divided into three chapters as follows:
Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter includes an introduction about (radiation sources) using irradiation technique for polymer processing, some polymerization processes especially template polymerization, effects of ionizing radiation and interaction with the polymeric materials, advantages and disadvantages of radiation processing, types of polymerization process, and polymers for removal of trivalent lanthanides. This chapter includes, a review about poly(hydroxamic acid) especially their preparation, mechanism of metal ions sorption and its uses for adsorption of metal ions. This chapter includes also, introduction described background of lanthanides, their properties, their abundance and distribution in different minerals, short notes about lanthanides in Egypt and in the world. Also, this chapter covered industrial importance of lanthanides. Moreover, this chapter included literature review covering survey related to that was done in preparation of polymers and sorption of lanthanides.