الفهرس 
مقدمةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Land tenure and ownership in informal areas is an aspect that constitutes key challenges against the urban development of Egyptian cities. Most of these areas extended on lands that are illegally possessed by their possessors and not legally registered. These areas constitute economic value that had to be invested, since they are non codified areas and this leads to rescission of domestic economy as they are not exploited in the real estate markets. The problem of tenure and ownership of lands for the residents of unofficial lands is a key challenges to the residential development and increase of the residential production in those areas. It reflects the size and quality of development in these areas. It was noted that the residents of these areas have in most cases feeling of insecure tenure and ownership of the land or residence. This threatens the residents of vacation, which is reflected on the nature of life and the form and nature of residential buildings that were erected. There is relation between the level of residence condition and the tenure and ownership in these informal areas. In case of ownership deed of the residence, the residents of the building feel security and begin to develop their residence and allocate its savings to priority, so they don’t feel the risk of loss of savings. In contrast, in case of failure to feel security in the possession of residence, he turns his savings to other purposes than developing his residence.The purpose of the study was to understand and analyze the impediments and key challenges of ownership and tenure of lands in the informal areas to access the tools and mechanisms of legalizing the different properties, domains and possessions and how to transfer property from un codified possession to codified possession to be used in the official real estate market as an attempt to recover the local economy of the region in particular, and to recover the national economy in general, and attempt to transfer the nonworking capital into working capital in the national economy. The study also aimed at determining the negatives and positives and tenure of lands on the residential productivity of the informal areas, and to examine the tools and techniques of legalization of properties and domains in those areas and how to deal with them and to identify the positives, impediments and defects and interferences in the implementation of property legalization to develop these areas.The study tried to test the validity of the following main hypothesis: Failure to pay attention to legalization of ownership and tenure of lands helps the deterioration of informal areas and decrease of the residential stocks, and leads to failure to rotate the real estate assets in the real estate market, which negatively affects the promotion of local market and therefore failure to transfer the nonworking capital into working capital in the national economy. This hypothesis created the following secondary hypotheses: (failure to legalize the ownership and tenure of lands weakens the desire of those who live in the informal areas to feel stability in these areas with their low desire to develop them, and failure to legalize the tenure and ownership of lands leads to increase of the unofficial real estate market size and leads to deterioration of the economic standard of residents of these areas and this also leads to shrinkage of the economic market on the national level.The study realized its objectives, as mechanisms and tools were concluded to legalize the tenure and ownership in the informal areas represented in several measures, including the modification mechanisms of legislative measures and local measures. Concerning the legalization tools, they included the institutional measures which are regulatory measures, financial measures and administrative (procedural) measures. Planning bases for legalization including the legislative bases, local bases and institutional bases. The study concluded set of recommendations for legalization of the tenure and ownership of lands in the informal areas. However, with the legalization of the informal areas, work shall proceed on the prevention of the rise of new informal areas and prevention of encroachment of the state-owned lands or desertification of farm lands to legalize them similarly. This is only realized by application of law by force without any assignment or alleviation of punishment against any new encroachment that may arise in the Arab Republic of Egypt.