الفهرس 
OXIDANT AND ANTIOXIDANT (REDOX) HOMEOSTASISOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
ongenital anomalies can be defined as structural or functional anomalies (e.g. metabolic disorders) that occur during intrauterine life and can be identified prenatally, at birth or later in life. Although approximately 50% of all congenital anomalies cannot be linked to a specific cause, there are some known causes or risk factors like Genetic factors, Environmental factors and multifactorial.
One of the most recent theories causing congenital anomalies disturbance in intrauterine redox hemostasis, resulting in altering pathways that control the embryonic ROS balance.
A network of antioxidant defense mechanism is present in the body. They are often reducing agents, which exist both intracellularly and extracellularly and have the capacity to react with free radicals and reactive species, minimizing their actions and, thus, delaying or preventing oxidative stress.
Glutathione s transferase (GST) is an enzyme involved in anti-oxidant defense and also involved in detoxification. The determination of erythrocyte GST activity is a promising indicator of oxidative stress conditions that occur in intrauterine stress.
So, the present study aimed to assess level of serum glutathione s-transferase in neonates to evaluate the potential role of oxidative stress in development of gross congenital anomalies.
This study was conducted on 40 neonates (20 term and 20 preterm) (24 female,16 male) with gross congenital anomalies (group A) at birth and 20 healthy neonates (group B) at birth serving as controls. They were recruited NICU of Pediatrics Hospital, Ain Shams University over a time period of 6 months during the period from October 2013 to March 2014.
All the studied neonates were subjected to careful history taking laying stress on antenatal folic acid and Fe supplementation maternal hyperglycemic states, complete clinical examination with special emphasis on anomalies detected and laboratory assessment of cord blood glutathione s transferase.
CVS anomalies were detected via prenatal ultrasound assessment and confirmed by a postnatal Echo.
The results of this study showed
Group (A) neonates with gross congenital anomalies had a significant lower mean serum GST level compared to healthy neonates group (B)
Within Group (A) Preterm neonates with gross congenital anomalies had a statistically significant lower mean serum GST level compared to term neonates with gross congenital anomalies.
In the present study 60% (24/40 cases) of Group(A) Neonates were born to mothers given folic and Fe supplementations, although the difference in GST level to the group of neonates born to nonsupplemented mothers was statistically Nonsignificant.
32.5% (13/40 cases) of group (A) were to diabetic mothers either Gestational DM and pregastional DM suggesting a strong contribution of hyperglycemia to occurrence of congenital anomalies
So, it was concluded that oxidative stress recorded by low serum GST serum level in cord blood either due to its consumption or a genetic affection has an embryopathic role leading to congenital anomalies.