الفهرس 
Review of the Literature
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The study demonstrates the figurative barrier in three
Arabic translations of three of Shakespeare’s great tragedies;
namely, Hamlet, Othello and Macbeth. The three translators
whose works have been studied are Khalil Mutran, Jabra Ibrahim
Jabra and Mohamed Enani. Through the contrastive analysis of
the three Arabic translations of each play, the study presents an
evaluation of the compensation strategies opted for to achieve the
purpose of a specific figure of speech with a special focus on
cultural translatability. The evaluation is guided by the skopos
theory laid down by Hans Vermeer, and the compensation
strategies postulated by James Dickens, Sandor Hervey and Ian
Higgins. The thesis addresses three fundamental issues about the
Arabic translation of Shakespeare’s works: translation loss and
cultural untranslatability, effectiveness and applicability of
compensation strategies and the controversy on whether formal
(linguistic) or functional (skopos) is more applicable to the
translation of Shakespeare’s figures of speech. Advantages and
pitfalls of each strategy used by the translators are evaluated and
analysed against how far the skopos is fulfilled in order to find
out what cultural implications of a source text figure of speech are
rendered into Arabic and which ones are disregarded by not being
prioritized. Contextual and cultural factors are the yardsticks
against which the evaluation is made.The data used is of two
types: theoretical data on translation approaches that led to the
emergence of the skopos theory, the notion of translation loss and
the postulated compensation approach and data on Shakespeare
and examples of translation for analysis and discussion. The
findings deduced from this study are summed up as follows:
translation loss can either be avoidable or unavoidable. Knowing
the skopos of a particular Shakespearean figure of speech helps
translators to determine the most suitable compensation strategy.
Cultural untranslatability, the main reason of translation loss could be managed by adopting the most appropriate
compensation strategy.
Key words: Shakespeare, cultural, compensation, skopos theory