الفهرس 
ACKNOWLEDGMENTOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate clinically and radiographically the use of NanoBone granulate as a grafting material and platelet rich fibrin (PRF) as resorbable membrane around immediately placed dental implant in fresh extraction sockets.
Ten implants were placed in the anterior maxillary region.
Extraction of teeth was performed with minimal trauma to preserve the integrity of the alveolar wall. Atraumatic surgical technique for implant placement was applied.
The utilization of immediate implants achieves the following:
1. Treatment time is reduced, as prosthodontic therapy can be initiated three months after extraction.
2. Avoids or reduces the usual post-extraction resorption, enabling maximal utilization of bone-implant surface area.
3. Takes advantages of the healing and osteogenic potential present in the immediate extraction site.
4. Avoids drilling of the cortical plate except for some drilling for three to five millimetres at the apex, and consequently minimizes the risk of overheating the recipient site during the surgical procedure.
5. Simplifies the design and fabrication of the implant supported prosthesis, both functionally and aesthetically.
6. Creates a positive psychological effect on the patient, sine the negative aspect of tooth removal is counteracted by the immediate placement of the implant and return to function.
Clinical results
2nd clinical evaluation was performed immediately post-operative, after six days and 14 days using the following parameters: presence of pain, tenderness, infection, swelling and implant mobility.
All patients recovered well after surgery, they showed no complications throughout the evaluation period. None of the cases showed any signs of pain, tenderness, infection, swelling or mobility after 2 weeks of surgery.
Radiographic Results
Standardized periapical radiographs were taken immediately, 3, and 6 months post-operatively. Marginal bone level and bone density changes around the implants were evaluated.
Radiographic evaluation revealed no peri-implant radiolucency at any stage of the follow-up period. The vertical bone height had decreased throughout the follow up period, but this decrease in marginal bone level was statistically insignificant.
Furthermore, the peri-implant bone density showed a significant increase, throughout the follow up period when comparing the results taken immediately to those taken six months later.