الفهرس 
Rheumatoid arthritis
Pro-inflammatory CytokinesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Heumatoid arthritis (RA)is among the most common forms of chronic inflammatory arthritis. This disease often occurs in more than one joint and can affect any joint in the body, mainly the small joints of the hands and feet. It is an autoimmune disease caused by selfreactive antibodies. It can lead to substantial loss of function and mobility of joint if not adequately treated. Also, other organs can be affected. The inflammatory process is tightly regulated, involving both mediators that initiate and maintain inflammation and mediators that shut the process down. An imbalance between the two mediators, resulting in cellular damage. The synovial membrane in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by hyperplasia, increased vascularity, and an infiltrate of inflammatory cells primarily CD4+ T cells, which are the main orchestrator of cell-mediated immune responses.