الفهرس 
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Abstract
During the period extending from March 2010 to 2014, a total of (347) fish was collected from Lake Qarun (266) and Fayoum markets (81). All data concerning the season and the species and sex of the fishes were recorded. Both parasitological and histopathological examinations were carried out. The results of the present study revealed that 59.7% of the total examined fishes had parasitic infection. The incidence of parasitic infection was 54.1% and 77.8% in fishes of lake Qarun and Fayoum markets. Out of 347 examined fishes, 42.4% of the total examined fishes had endoparasites. and 17.3% had ectoparasites. No helminthes were detected in Solea vulgaris fish. The reported ectoparasites included Thecaemoeba hoffmani and Cichildagyrus arthracanthus. Digenetic trematodes (adult + EMC) and larvae of Anisakis simplex were the recorded endoparasites. The incidence of parasitic infection was higher in the females than males. The adult digenetic trematodes were the most common parasitic infection representing 21% of the total examined fishes. The highest incidence of parasitic infection among the examined fishes was recorded in winter (75.5%) while the lowest one was found in summer (27.9%). Parasitic infection induced characteristic pathological lesions in various organs of infected fishes. The main pathological findings in mullets infected with adult digenetic trematoda were; proliferation of cartilages of primary gill lamellae, fibrin and rodlet cells in gill arch, hyperplasia and necrosis of the secondary lamellae, atrophy and Zenker,s necrosis in muscles, desquamation of intestinal villi with hypertrophy of the muscular layer, vacuolation of hepatocytes with thrombosis, degenerated renal epithelium, necrosis of pancreatic acini, gliosis and demyelination of the brain, cardiac edema with hemosiderin deposition in between myofiberlis, retinal vaculation and edema, decreased number of testicular sperms with degenerated testicular germinal epithelium and degenerated epithelium of oocytes in ovaries. Fishes infested with encysted metacercariae showed; Zenker’s necrosis of the muscles. Swim bladder showed vacuolation of gland epithelium with congestion. The main pathological findings of Cichildagyrus arthracanthus infection in gills were hypertrophy, hyperplasia and necrosis of epithelium lining of gill lamellae, Hyperactivity of goblet cells and accumulation of melanomacrophages with inflammatory cells mainly mast cells and rodlet cells Larvae of Anisakis simplex were found freely in the intestinal lumen of Mullus barbatus causing hypertrophy of the muscular layer of the intestine and desquamation of the mucosa. Thecamoeba hoffmani was seen in the gills of O. zilli causing dilatation and engorgement of the central venous sinus of primary gill lamellae, , hypertrophy and hyperplasia of secondary gill lamellae, hyperactivity of goblet cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells.