الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary and Conclusions
Dyed solid materials (films and gels) and dyed solutions dosimeters have wide-spread applications in radiation processing for installation process qualification and routine dose control for both gamma rays and electron beam irradiation. These film dosimeters have been introduced for low- and high-dose monitoring. The introduction of new types of dosimeters is due to the effort of seeking for more reliable, more stable, simpler and cheaper systems as routine dosimeters and/or label dosimeters.
The main objective of this work is to study the possibility of preparing dyed solid polymeric materials (dyed films- dyed gels) and dyed solutions, and study the dosimetric studies for the prepared materials. The results obtained in this work can be summarized in the following:
Section (1):
Deals with the investigation of prepared three dosimetry systems based on Toludine Blue O (TBO) dye, to make them readily usable in high and low-radiation dosimetry applications (e.g. sterilization of medical products, sterilization of pharmaceutical products and polymer modification). This section is divided into three parts:
Part I: This part includes the preparation and development of polymeric films for high-dose dosimetry applications, these films are based on poly (vinyl alcohol) dyed with TBO. These flexible plastic film dosimeters are bleached when exposed to gamma-ray photons (i.e. from blue to colorless) at λmax=633nm. The radiation chemical yield (G-Value) for different concentrations of the dye as well as the dye with additive substances (chloral hydrate) was calculated. It was found that these films are highly stable for long time before and after irradiation under different storage conditions. The response of these films is not affected by humidity change in the range of relative humidity (0-56%). PVA films dyed with TBO are suitable in the dose range from 1-150 kGy. These properties suggest them to be useful for
Summary and Conclusion
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routine and dose mapping in sterilization range of radiation processing and for high-dose radiation dosimetry. They are easy to prepare in a laboratory and don’t require toxic solvents in its preparation.
Part II: This part includes the preparation and development of dyed TBO solutions for high-dose dosimetry applications, these solutions are bleached when exposed to gamma-ray photons (i.e. from blue to colorless) at λmax=631nm. The radiation chemical yield (G-Value) for different concentrations of the dye was calculated. It was found that these solutions are highly stable for long time before and after irradiation under different storage conditions. TBO solutions are suitable in the dose range from 1-25 kGy. These properties suggest them to be useful for routine and dose mapping in sterilization range of radiation processing and for high-dose radiation dosimetry. They are easy to prepare in a laboratory and don’t require toxic solvents in its preparation.
Part III: This part includes the preparation and development of dyed TBO-gelatin gels for low-dose dosimetry applications, these gels are bleached when exposed to gamma-ray photons (i.e. from blue to colorless) at λmax=635nm. The radiation chemical yield (G-value) for different concentrations of the dye was calculated. It was found that these dyed gels are highly stable for long time before and after irradiation under different storage conditions. TBO-gelatin gels are suitable in the dose range from 1-150 Gy. These properties suggest them to be useful for routine and low-dose radiation dosimetry. They are easy to prepare in a laboratory and don’t require toxic solvents in its preparation. Also this part includes Comparison between different dosimetry systems used for TBO dye (films, liquid, gel) with wavelength, sensitivity, dose range and applications. from this comparison, one can easily choose the suitable condition for a specific application.
Summary and Conclusion
82
Section (2):
Deals with the investigation of prepared three dosimetry systems based on Phloxin B(PhB) dye, to make them readily usable in high and low-radiation dosimetry applications (e.g. sterilization of medical products, sterilization of pharmaceutical products and polymer modification). This section is divided into three parts:
Part I: This part includes the preparation and development of polymeric films for high-dose dosimetry applications, these films are based on poly (vinyl alcohol) dyed with PhB. These flexible plastic film dosimeters are bleached when exposed to gamma-ray photons (i.e. from pink to colorless) at λmax=554nm. The radiation chemical yield (G-Value) for different concentrations of the dye was calculated. It was found that these films are highly stable for long time before and after irradiation under different storage conditions. The response of these films is not affected by humidity change in the range of relative humidity (0-56%). PVA films dyed with PhB are suitable in the dose range from 1-200 kGy. These properties suggest them to be useful for routine and dose mapping in sterilization range of radiation processing and for high-dose radiation dosimetry. They are easy to prepare in a laboratory and don’t require toxic solvents in its preparation.
Part II: This part includes the preparation and development of dyed PhB solutions for high-dose dosimetry applications, these solutions are bleached when exposed to gamma-ray photons (i.e. from pink to colorless) at λmax=538 nm. The radiation chemical yield (G-Value) for different concentrations of the dye was calculated. It was found that these solutions are highly stable for long time before and after irradiation under different storage conditions. PhB solutions are suitable in the dose range from 1-3.2 kGy. These properties suggest them to be useful for routine and dose mapping in sterilization range of radiation processing and for high-dose radiation dosimetry. They are easy to prepare in a laboratory and don’t require toxic solvents in its preparation.
Part III: This part includes the preparation and development of dyed PhB-gelatin gels for low-dose dosimetry applications, these gels are bleached when exposed to gamma-ray photons (i.e. from pink to colorless)at λmax=549nm. The radiation chemical yield (G-Value) for different concentrations of the dye was calculated. It was found that these dyed gels are highly stable for long time before and after irradiation under different storage conditions. PhB-gelatin gels are suitable in the dose range from 1-300 Gy. These properties suggest them to be useful for routine and low-dose radiation dosimetry. They are easy to prepare in a laboratory and don’t require toxic solvents in its preparation. Also this part includes Comparison between different dosimetry systems used for PhB dye (films, liquid, gel) with wavelength, sensitivity, dose range and applications. from this comparison, one can easily choose the suitable condition for a specific application.