الفهرس 
المفاهيم المرتبطة بالفقريوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Introduction:
The Millennium Development Goals has confirmed that poverty reduction is a priority of many
countries work programs, it has turned many countries since the eighties to the application of
anti- poverty programs in response to the crises that facing their economies, and in order to
implement the programs of structural reforms take into consideration the social dimensions of
reform, there is a need to a new path of development, through to the sustainability of human
progress. human development and a comprehensive environment must be included in the development
programs. and are considered to positive economic growth that is necessary to eradicate poverty and
provide the necessary resources for development and thus to prevent further deterioration of
the environment. But the issue is the quality of growth and how to distribute the benefits, and not
just the process of economic expansion does not benefit only a minority of the population should
include the development is human development and a comprehensive environmental and work to combat
poverty through income redistribution.
Problem study:
This study is trying to find answers to the following question:
Does poverty in Egypt achieve the desired level of sustainable development? What is the degree of
correlation between poverty and the impact of the different dimensions of the desired development
in the long term?
Sustainable development requires improving the living conditions for all individuals while
retaining the status optimum utilization of community resources across different generations. and
undoubtedly the most important challenges facing sustainable development is the fight against
poverty, and through the encouragement to follow the patterns of production and consumption of a
balanced, without over-reliance on natural
resources, taking into consideration all dimensions of sustainable development and the balance
between them.
Sustainable development involves many challenges, for example how can we, improve the people
livelihood and the preservation of natural resources with the increase in population growth, which
may be accompanied by a growing demand for food, water, shelter, energy, health
services and economic security. So it should be taken into account balances for different
dimensions of sustainable development when talking about the issue of poverty and combat.
Hypotheses:
First: there is a correlation between the numbers of the poor and the application of social justice
in Egypt.
Second: The governmental Programs that took place to fight against poverty did not meet its
expectations from them since
1991 AD to 2012 AD
Third: There is a correlation between poverty with dimensions of sustainable development.
Fourth: the impact of poverty varies depending on the dimensions of sustainable development
Importance study:
This study is considered one of the recent studies in linking between the reality of poverty in
Egypt and sustainable development achievements through monitoring of the most important poverty
variables which affect the different dimensions of sustainable development, so as to ensure the
sustainability of growth in achieving development, in a way does not infringe on the rights of
future generations and analyze the extent of the correlation between the variables of the study and
the direction of that relationship, whether positive or negative, including open field to reach to
the efficiency policies, lead to poverty Struggling and thus achieve sustainable development.
Objectives study:
1. Attempting Scientific Assessment of anti-poverty policies adopted in Egypt and the extent of
their contribution in achieving the desired level of sustainable development.
2. Identifying potentials of raising the efficiency of anti-poverty policies in Egypt .
Study Plan:
The study dealt with through the following chapters:
The first chapter dealt with the methods and ways of measuring poverty by studying the concepts
associated with poverty such as poverty absolute and relative and extreme poverty and the depth of
poverty and the poverty and the difference between the monetary poverty and poverty non-monetary
poverty humanitarian needs and targeting poverty, defined in many literature and international
organizations, and determine what is the poverty line and the most important ways measurement of
poverty, through four sections: First, the concepts associated with poverty, the second: the
concept of poverty in many of the literature and international organizations, third: the
poverty line, the fourth: the most important methods of measuring poverty.
The second chapter discusses the evolution of poverty and the situation of the poor in Egypt by
tracking the problem since
2005 to 2013 to learn about the change in the rates of poverty and the distribution of the poor in
the Governorates Republic , this through a detailed report, done by the World Bank in 2007 to study
the situation of poverty in Egypt in 2005 , then the World Bank has issued another report on the
state of poverty in Egypt in 2011 to monitor the situation of poverty during the year 2008/2009 and
then study the living conditions of the poor during the year 2010 through Observatory of Egyptian
Family Conditions for Information and decision Support center then finally study the
reality of poverty through research income and expenditure in 2013, through four sections:
First, poverty and distribution in Egypt in
2005, the second: Poverty in Egypt during the year 2008/2009, the third: the living conditions of
the poor in 2010, the fourth: the reality of poverty through research income and expenditure
in 2013. the third Chapter dealt with poverty targeting in Egypt through a systematic
study of targeting the poor and the direct
relationship between human development indicators and geographic targeting to the poor and how to
determine the characteristics of the poor so that the government can targeting the poor, through a
third sections, the first: a systematic targeting of the poor, the second: the relationship between
indicators human development and geographic targeting to reduce poverty, the third: identifying
characteristics of the poor to targeting the poor in Egypt
.
the forth Chapter dealt with the economic policies affecting the poor by recognizing the impact of
government economic policies on the poor and then to identify the impact of the change of the
economic system on the consumption pattern of the citizens, especially the poor, through two
sections, the first: the impact of government policies on the poor, the second: the impact of
change economic system on the consumption pattern of the citizens in Egypt.
the fifth Chapter taking about procedures for poverty reduction in Egypt by identifying the
different approaches and the government’s efforts to poverty reduction and proposed actions
to reduce the negative effects on the poor, through four sections, the first: the different
approaches for poverty reduction, the second: the government’s efforts for poverty reduction, the
third: procedures and different programs taken by the government for poverty reduction, the fourth:
the proposed actions to reduce the negative effects on the poor.
the sixth Chapter dealt with the dimensions of sustainable development, measured through the study
of the different concepts of sustainable development and the evolution of the concept and the
multiple dimensions of sustainable development according to scientific literature, and methods of
measuring sustainable development, through two sections: first, the dimensions and the concept of
sustainable development and evolution, the second: measuring sustainable development.
the seventh Chapter dealing with the overlap between the dimensions of poverty various dimensions
of sustainable development through the study of the relationship between sustainable development
and poverty through the study of various dimensions of poverty, sustainable development and the
extent of the link between them and the impact of poverty on the
achievement of sustainable development and to identify the most important dimensions of poverty
that should be the focus for achieving sustainable development, through three sections, the first:
the achievement of sustainable development and poverty reduction, the second: measuring the impact
of poverty on sustainable development, the thrid: testing Statistical hypotheses of the study.
The Results:
The study found many results:
1. different methods for estimating the poverty line, depending on the type of the poverty line to
be appreciated, divided Methods for estimating the poverty line in terms of the type of data used
in the estimate to two methods of direct and indirect ways.
2. increase in the poverty rate at the level of the Republic during the study period, while at the
provincial level urban and urban and rural areas of Upper Egypt in the case of low and high during
the study period, it, while we find that in rural Upper Egypt continues to rise.
3. there are three forms of the target can distinguish among them according to the degree of
widening the base of the target group that went to social programs and is in the targeting and
destruction predominantly in the public access to the benefits of social programs for all. And
targeting the broad and intended to guide public spending
towards specific areas agree on its importance for the poor. And targeting narrow and who cares
about the kind of
target group
4. implementation of the program of economic reform and structural adjustment has had negative
effects on the poor, and in spite of the improvement in the indicators of monetary and fiscal, but
the improvement in these indicators are not accompanied by an improvement in the real indicators of
the Egyptian economy, but accompanied by a reduction in public expenditures directed to social
services, which led to the deterioration of many of the economic and social conditions of
low-income groups.
5. government has numerous efforts such as the Social Fund for Development and the shroq project
and other measures to combat poverty, but the lack of coordination between oriented projects to
combat poverty led to the loss of many of the efforts.
6. weak follow-ups and good coordination of projects for the poor, which led to a decline in the
effectiveness of those programs and ineffective.
7. poverty in the concept of sustainable development is poverty of human capital. Related to the
development and quality of life in this sense should not be confused with economic growth, although
the two are closely linked to each other within the framework of organized modern world.
8. sustainable development derived from the principles of the three economic progress and social
justice and environmental protection.
9. multiple dimensions of sustainable development, has been considered by some the concept of
sustainable development in its general framework developmentally comprehensive concept takes into
account the three main axes. As some other writings, she believes that sustainable development is
the four basic dimensions, and can be referred also to the five critical dimensions and interacting
10. The presence of two major approaches to measuring indicators of sustainable development, The
curriculum of the first through the establishment of the state put two sets
of separate indicators, and the second approach Composite Index whereupon the state to choose a
number of different elements of the indicators and combining them into a single indicator.
11. The presence of a strong correlation between the variables of poverty, sustainable development
and that the variables most of these correlations were significant
12. environmental dimension more affected by poverty rates, every change in poverty rates affect
the various dimensions of the environment, has reached linear function which combines the dependent
variable and the independent variable ratio of 50.4%, while the interpretation of the function of
Cubism interpreted the proportion of 79.6% of this relationship.
13. that the variables of poverty such as the number of poor people at $ 2 per day and the share of
income earned by the fourth group of 20% and the number of poor people at $
5 per day and Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line more influential variables
sustainable development.
Recommendations:
1. focus on growth in Upper Egypt is still increasing the share of public investments that go to
Upper Egypt, the main objectives of the strategy to achieve development in Egypt. It also must
focus on investment-intensive use of labor in order to generate local employment
opportunities.
2. develop a set of public policies that aim to target the poor and the arrival of support for
those who deserve it.
3. good coordination between projects and anti-poverty programs.
4. good financial planning for anti-poverty projects, leading to the completion of the projects
has lead to up gradation.
5. expansion of small and medium enterprises and this requires measures to facilitate the granting
of the necessary funding for these projects at the market price.
6. need to benefit from the experiences of countries that have succeeded in the fight against
poverty and the search for new strategies to reach the poor directly and real.
7. multi-application system allows for the support of the poor to receive these services are
partly free, and partly powered by a low price, while the cost element is covered by increasing the
prices of those services to the non-poor in the society.
8. start in the implementation of new and innovative projects designed to provide an effective
treatment for the problem of unemployment in Egypt.
9. development of social security systems or expand their coverage. It must extend to all of these
systems are unable to work, whether in urban or rural areas.
10. attention to agricultural development as an increase in poverty in the agricultural sector due
to the inadequacy of the income generated from agricultural activity to the requirements of the
growth of population in rural areas is a real problem must be examined and do provide effective
solutions. And also requires actions that aim to encourage private investment in
non-agricultural activities in the rural sector to achieve integration effectively.
11. increase the efficiency of public spending in the area of literacy. If we are to
achieve an acceptable reduction in poverty, we must develop a comprehensive plan aimed at all
illiterate people, wherever they are, so as to break the cycle of poverty transmitted from one
generation to another.
12. focus on reducing dropout rates, and increase the percentage of female enrollment in education.
13. reallocation of public spending on health for the benefit of preventive health programs and
extending health insurance coverage to include the poor.
14. design and implementation of a program that aims to improve the diet of vulnerable groups with
an emphasis on the protection of children, in particular, with the aim of reducing the negative
impact of poverty on health and intellectual capacity of children in Egypt.
15. connected health infrastructure - such as clean water and sanitation - to areas where
poverty prevails.