الفهرس 
الاطار النظرىيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
 |  | from | 403 |  |  |
| | | from | 403 | | |
المستخلص
Introduction:
Summary of The Study
Early childhood is a basic and important stage in the human’s life and in which the general
features of personality are formed. The childhood is not only the maker of the future and it is not
just a stage overstepped by the human being toward advanced stages in his course of development and
growth. It is also an important stage in the construction of the child’s personality in its various
physical, mental, emotional and social aspects.
The nursery and kindergartens contribute to – If the child went to them – his successful personal
and social adjustment, they provide him with his first communication with the peers groups, they
work on improving and advancing the wheel of child’s socialization in a moderate way between the
family method and the school method and they help in the child’s self-assertion, self-
reliance, independence, curiosity and social communication.
Recreational games are an opportunity for the child’s release and emotional expression as
the playing, music, painting
and acting remove the tension and help the adults to be familiar with what the child is suffering
of problems in order to assist him to solve them.
This was a motivation and incentive for the researcher to
conduct this study in an attempt from her to identify the effect of using recreational games in
developing the personal and social adjustment of pre-school child.
The current study is represented in six chapters where the first chapter contains the study general
framework, the second
chapter contains the study theoretical framework, the third chapter
contains the previous studies, the fourth chapter contains the study methodology with its
procedures and tools, the fifth chapter contains the study findings and their interpretation and
the sixth chapter contains the study summary and its educational applications and the proposed
researches. Here, the researcher presents the most important pivots of the study:
0
Summary
The Study problem:
The study problem stemmed from the importance of early
childhood that is considered the critical period in which the features of child’s personality is
determined and become clear year after year. Through the researcher’s observation during her work
in the field of child’s education that there are some retardation in some skills of personal and
social adjustment in the children who are enrolled in the kindergartens and the most kindergartens
do not rely on using the recreational games in developing the
personal and social adjustment of the pre-school child (4-6 years). Given the existence of
deficiency to pay attention to the child’s
leisure time by the teachers and parents and the importance of the kindergarten role in preparing
for this time, both kindergarten and parents still look to the recreational games as a hindrance
factor before the study. We put them in place away from our lives and don’t give them any
attention. So, there is an urgent need to confront to the problems for the Nations’ progress and
advancement.
Williams points out that the recreation can be considered one of the best ways owned by the
community to resist the evolving social problems that exist today. The individuals interested in
the recreation for developing the interest in health, physical fitness and resorting to the leisure
time activities in providing the social guidance.
The researcher adhered to the necessity of using the recreational games in developing the personal
and social adjustment of the pre-school child (4-6 years).
The Study Objectives:
The present study aims to identify the impact of recreational
games usage on the development of personal and social adjustment of the pre-school
child (4-6) years through the attempt
to answer the following questions:
1. To what extent the children mean scores of experimental group differ in the pre and post
measurements with regard to personal and social adjustment Visual Descriptor Scale?
1
Summary
2. To what extent the children mean scores of control group differ in the pre and post
measurements with regard to personal and social adjustment Visual Descriptor Scale?
3. To what extent the children mean scores of experimental and control groups differ in the pre
and post measurements with
regard to personal and social adjustment Visual Descriptor
Scale?
4. To what extent the male and female children mean scores of experimental group differ in the pre
and post measurements
with regard to personal and social adjustment Visual
Descriptor Scale?
5. To what extent the children mean scores of experimental group differ in the post and
consecutive measurements on the dimensions of the personal and social adjustment Visual Descriptor
Scale?
The Study Importance:
The importance of the current study in terms of the
theoretical and practical aspects. With respect to the theoretical aspect, the importance of
the current study emerges from the
importance of kindergarten stage as it is the critical and formative
stage to establish the features of the child’s personality that manifests and crystallize in his
future as well as the lack of studies on the age group that will be tackled by this current study
for the pre-school child (4-6) years where this is a serious period to learn
the skills of personal and social adjustment.
Concerning the practical aspect, it is represented in the training program for recreational
games to give the pre-school
child (4-6) years some skills of the personal adjustment such as (self-confidence, shoulder the
responsibility, self-reliance, leadership, ethical commitment and emotional balance) and some
skills of the social adjustment such as (family adjustment,
adjustment with teachers, adjustment with fellows, school adjustment, empathy and adjustment with
public life). It is one of the skills that make the child behaves in an appropriate and proper way
in different positions of personal and social adjustment and make him socially adapted either with
himself or with the others.
2
Summary
The study findings will help the pre-school children, many of teachers and supervisors who apply
the proposed program as well as the curricula designers and researchers through opening the field
for further researches and similar scientific studies.
The Study Hypotheses:
In light of the theoretical framework and previous studies that have already been presented and
discussed, the study hypotheses were drafted and verified and they are as follows:
1. There are statistically significant differences between the mean
scores of the experimental group children in the pre and post measurements concerning the personal
and social adjustment Visual Descriptor Scale for the benefit of the post measurement.
2. There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the control group
children in the pre and post measurements concerning the personal and social adjustment Visual
Descriptor Scale.
3. There are statistically significant differences between the mean
scores of the experimental and control group children in the post measurements concerning the
personal and social adjustment Visual Descriptor Scale for the benefit of the experimental group
children.
4. There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of male and female
children of the experimental
group in the post measurements concerning the personal and social adjustment Visual Descriptor
Scale.
5. There are no statistically significant differences between the
mean scores of experimental group children in the post and consecutive measurements on the
dimensions of the personal and social adjustment Visual Descriptor Scale.
The Study Terminology:
The study terminology was limited in seven terms: (Recreation – Recreational games – Development –
Adjustment – Personal adjustment – Social adjustment – Pre-school child).
3
Summary
The Study Procedures:
1. The Study Sample:
The study abided by the following limitations:
Selecting a random sample of children of both sexes (males and females) who are aged between
(4-6) years as the sample consists of 30 children (15 males and 15 females).
In this study, the researcher used (the pre measurement and the
post measurement) for the dimensions of personal and social adjustment using the recreational games
for two months and these skills included the dimensions of personal adjustment (self-confidence,
shoulder the responsibility, self-reliance, leadership, ethical commitment and emotional balance)
and the dimensions of social adjustment (family adjustment, adjustment with teachers,
adjustment with fellows, school adjustment, empathy and adjustment with public life).
In this study, the researcher also used (the consecutive adjustment) after passing three weeks to
make sure of the effectiveness of recreational games program in developing the personal and social
adjustment of pre-school child (4-6) years.
The sample was chosen from Dr. Nermien Ismail Schools in
Nasr City – Cairo.
2. The Study Tools:
1. Draw A Man Test for ”Good Enough Haris”.
2. Socio-economic level Scale of the family ”Abdel Aziz El- Sayed El-Shakhs 2006 AD”.
3. Experts’ opinion poll form ”Prepared by the researcher”.
4. The personal and social adjustment Visual Descriptor Scale of pre-school child (4-6) years
”Prepared by the researcher”.
5. The personal and social adjustment program of pre-school child (4-6) years by using the
recreational games ”Prepared by the researcher”.
4
Summary
3. The Study Methodology:
In order to achieve the study objectives and hypotheses, the researcher used the experimental
approach as a method of scientific research, this is due to its relevance to the nature of the
study where she used in the study the experimental design which consists of (control group and
experimental group) which are undergone to (the pre measurement and the post measurement).
4. The Experimental Design:
a. The experts’ opinion poll form was prepared in the scale of chosen dimensions of personal and
social adjustment and selecting the most suitable of them and how they are agreeable for the
selected age stage.
b. The dimensions of personal adjustment were determined in: (self-confidence, shoulder the
responsibility, self-reliance, leadership, ethical commitment and emotional balance) and the
dimensions of social adjustment: (family adjustment, adjustment with teachers, adjustment with
fellows, school adjustment, empathy and adjustment with public life) of pre-
school child (4-6) years.
c. The Draw A Man Test for ”Good Enough Haris” was applied to establish the intelligence factor
between the two groups children.
d. The socio-economic level Scale of the family was applied between the two groups children.
e. The chronological age, the tallness and the weight between the two groups children.
f. The personal and social adjustment Visual Descriptor Scale
was applied on a random sample, then the children were divided two into equivalent groups.
g. The researcher prepared a program for developing the personal and social adjustment by using
the recreational games of pre- school child (4-6) years.
h. The experimental group practiced a program for developing the personal and social adjustment by
using the recreational games of pre-school child (4-6) years.
5
Summary
i. The post application for the personal and social adjustment Visual Descriptor Scale in order to
measure the study changes after the completion of the experiment.
j. The consecutive application after passing three weeks to make sure of the effectiveness
of recreational games
program in developing the personal and social adjustment of pre-school child (4-6) years.