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Abstract Giardia lamblia is a cosmopolitan parasite, affects the small intestine of rJ.Elll, particularly the dUO•:’..enu::-. a.r..d jejunu.m, where the alkaline pH is favourable, but the p.rasite ma,y enter the bile ducts, gall bladder and possibly the pancreas, Invat.ion of other orga.’1s does not occur. The medical importance of giardiasil; is still ~~:lc.erestimated, the clinical 1>icture is ill defined, al tllo most authors found high incidence of Giardia lamblia ir:.festation among chil&ren. The aim of this work was to stctdy tne relation between infection wi til Giardia lamblia and the gastric secretion in children. Thirty children, 5 - 12 .;real’S of age, were selected for the study. Twenty cases were proved by stool examinations to be infested with Giardia lu:ablis.. Ten children acted as controls. All children were subjected to thorough history taking, clinical examination, repeated stool examination by various methods and estimation of the basal gastric 91. acidity and peptic activity. In addition, complete blood picture \1t\S performed fer infected children, and the basal gastric acid aec:::-et ion and peptic activity were re-estimated 2 W!’eks after specific therapy of Giardia la.mblia infection with metronidazole, in a dose of 25 mg per Kg body weight per day, in divided doses, f’or ten days. It was noticed that cases with severe clinical manifestations had severe hypochlorhydria, and some of -:.:1em needed anotb.er course of specific therapy. The statistical analysis of the results of U.cis work revealed that there was a significant reduction in both basal gastric acid secretion, and peptic activity in the infected children, when compared with the control group. Two weeks after treatment, although. there was an apparent increase in both basal gastric acid secretion and peptic activity • yet statistically the increase was non-sign:tf’ieant. When compared \~ith the control grou;:), only the ohange in peptic activity was statistically significant. |