الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF THE WORKOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 186 |  |  |
| | | from | 186 | | |
Abstract
Frailty, an important problem in geriatric medicine, is becoming more recognized in patients with CKD, as well as patients with ESKD, as a factor that can even worsen the prognosis and the quality of life of these patients. It is imperative for the nephrology community to recognize this syndrome of frailty and work to manage it. In our dialysis patients, we detected high prevalence of frailty syndrome among all age groups even those younger than 40 years old. Frailty is associated with female gender, hypoalbuminemia, increased inflammatory markers as elevated CRP and elevated total leukocytic count and in those with low hemoglobin level. Frailty also more detected in patients with hyperparathyroidism. In this work, we found approximately four times as likely to be frail when compared ESKD patients and subjects with normal renal function. In ESKD patients on HD, the frailty, besides being extraordinarily prevalent (reaching 60%) were characterized in non-elderly patients, but more prevalent in female. Frailty is highly associated females, anerma and leukocytosis. Frailty increased with increased inflammatory biomarkers as elevated C-reactive protein and decrease serum albumin. Frailty increased also with endocrinal abnormalities associated with ESKD specially hyperparathyroidism. There are many lines for prevention and management of frailty include; utritional supplementation as (vitamin D, carotenoids and creatine) treatment of anemia and exercise programs as (Tai Chi exercise and cobblestone walking). Actively improving physical strength, nutritional status and mental well-being across all pre-frail dialysis patients could lead to a more robust and less vulnerable population overall.