الفهرس 
Patho" ~ "enicity Test:Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Citrus is one o~ the most important ~ruit crop in
E~ypt as well as in many other countries of the world.
The citrus plantation is widely distributed in E~ypt ~or
local consumption as well as ~or exportation.
Accord in~ to the report o~ Agricultural Economics and
Statistics Department, Ministry o~ A~riculture, 269,000
~eddans are cultivated with citrus in 1987 that produced
about 1,730,000 tons o~ ~ruits. (Arion, 1987).
Several pathogenic attack citrus ~ruits
durin~ ~ruit development on trees as well as a~ter
harvest causing serious losses. (Melchers, 1931: B~iton.
1935:
1961b;
Jones, 1935: Fawcett and Lee, 1936; Arer ~ ~··
Naim and Sharoubeem. 1963 ; El-Sart;v, 1964;
Faried, 1973: El-Zavat ~ !l·• 1975: Eckert, 1978; Abd
El-Aziz, 1980; El-Tobshv 1980 and Eckert and Brown
1986).
Under Egyptian environmental conditions,
Alternaria citri Ellis & Pierce, the causal or~anism of
black rot and ~ruit dropping, is considered the major
agent o~ decreasin~ navel orange production, which is flactuatinll: from one year to another accordinz to the
prevailin~ environmental conditions. Under ~avourable
conditions, the disease prevails and rna., become
epidemic. ( El-Zayat ~ !J•• 1983).
Postharvest diseases o~ citrus fruita caused
constitute a serious problem. The fruits are
attacKed in the field, during: harvest, stora~e, and
rnarketinst,
(Penicillium
(Penici11iuw
(Alternaria
(Diplodia
several diseases such as
dit;titatuw Sacc.) and
italicuw Wehwer),
~reen
blue
blacK
ci tri Pierce) , stem-end
natalensis P. Evans),
mould
mould
rot
rot
melanose
(Diaporthe citri Wolf = Phowopsis citri P’awcett) and
sour rot (Geotrichuw candidum LK. ex Pers) as reported
by Deveza 1968, and El-Zayat ~ al. 1975.
The green and blue moulds are of’ major importance
and have attracted the attention o~ several workers in
Et;tO’Pt (.Jones, 1935: Aref ~ !!.!·, 1961a: Sirry and 1!:1-
Safty, 1962: Naim, 1967 and E1-Tobshy, 1981).
goal of this stud., was to investi2:ate the
etiolOli:Y of citrus fruit rots during different stages of
development, it’s epidemiolog;y with respect to the c·orrelation between f’ruit
environmental conditions under local conditions. Also,
disease management including the use of’ f’ung;icidal
applications, bioloa;ical control and controlled
atmosphere during; storage also have been investia;ated.
At the same time the residues of’ f’una;icidal pollution on
treated citrus fruits were analysed. The host
selective toxins, produced bY the black rot patho~en in
relation to their ef’f’ects on disease development and
mammalian toxicity and health hazards were also studied.
This study
citrus industry
will help in the
and increasini; crop
mana.~ement
production,
of’
the
extension of’ storaa;e lif’e and the preservation of’ citrus
f’ruits f’or lona;er periods so to prolona: the marKeting;
duration f’or local consumption as well as f’or
exportation of’ Ezyptian citrus f’ruits.