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Abstract SUMMARY The present study aimed to throw some light on the insecticidal and biochemical activities resulted from the effect of some used insecticides in controlling the house fly M. domestica in the field. The obtained results are summarized as followes: Evaluation of different insecticides against adult stage of M. domestica 1- The susceptibility of populations of three Governorates to insecticides based on LD50values revealed that toxicity of the tested compound varied remarkably with insecticides group comparing with laboratory strain, for two successive years. 2- Screening of pyrethroid insecticide compound deltamethrin indicated that it was the most effective one among the different insecticides used to control adult of house fly. 3- Pyrethroids still have the potency to control the pests, deltamethrin was more effective than malation from organophosphorus compounds and bendiocarb from carbamate compounds. 131 Summary 4- Bendiocarb from carbamate compounds was more effective than malathion from OP,s compounds in Cairo, Fayoum and Ismailia. 5- It was observed that Ismailia population was the most resistant one among all tested populations followed by Fayoum population while Cairo population was the most sensitive one. 6- At 2008, it was noticed that some of the tested insecticides had low LD50, s than which at 2009. Inheritance mode of resistance to deltamethrin in the house fly Musca domestica L.: This work detected the specific mechanisms involved in resistance to synthetic insecticides commonly used in fly control program in Egypt. The mechanisms of inheritance of resistance factor were studied for Ismailia population that showed high resistance for these insecticides. The R strain which collected from Ismailia Governorate and showed the highest resistant ratio, had the LD50 higher than F1(S♀×R♂) and F1 -(S♂×R♀) . 132 Summary These results suggested that deltamethrin resistance in Musca domestica was expressed as an incomplete dominance trait in F1(S♀×R♂) and an incomplete recessiveness trait in F1 - (S♂×R♀) . Effect of insecticides treatments on certain biochemical aspects of house fly Musca domestica Effect on total protein content: 1- The highest level of protein concentration was detected in Ismailia population (106±2.5 mg /gm tissue ) and F1 (104±2.5 mg /gm tissue), while the lowest level of protein concentration was detected in Cairo population. Also the total protein content of Fayoum was more than Cairo. 2- Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the total protein of adult house fly M. domestica of Ismailia population were separated into 19 bands ,Fayoum population 17 bands and Cairo population 14 bands. 3- The highest number of protein bands occurred in F1 progeny and Ismailia population. 4- Two common bands (no. 46 and 52) were found in all tested strains. 133 Summary Acetyl cholinesterase activity: The results showed significantly higher AChE activity for the field populations than laboratory strain. The highest AchE activity was found in F1 and Ismailia population with 1.5 and 1.7 times respectively different from laboratory strain, the lowest AChE activity was for Cairo population. Effect on esterase patterns: Effect on field and F progenies esterase patterns The results showed significantly higher esterase activity for the field populations than laboratory strain. The highest one activity was found in Ismailia population and F1 with 3.20 and 2.5 times respectively differences from laboratory strain . The native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of esterase showed differences in esterase banding patterns between laboratory and all field populations. The highest number of esterase bands occurred in Cairo population and laboratory strain (1-2-3-4-5). Effectof Alkaline and acid phosphatase activity; The alkaline phosphatase activity was expressed as ml/gm 134 Summary phenol released /individual /min. The result indicated that F1 - progeny strain showed much higher levels of alkaline phosphatase activity than all other population with 28.64 followed by F1progeny strain with 25, then Ismailia population with 23.78 while laboratory strain had 4.16 U/L only. Also, acid phosphatase revealed the same activity with different population; Ismailia field population showed the highest one with 61.2 U/L followed by F1, F1 -, Cairo, Fayoum and laboratory strain respectively, with the values 56.8, 48.6, 42.1, 38.8 and 32.6 respectively |