الفهرس 
Anatomy of lateral ventriclesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The selection of the best operative approach for a tumor of the lateral ventricle depends on the site of origin, pathology of growth, and location of the tumor, and whether there is ventricular obstruction.
Lesions within the anterior portion of the lateral ventricle are most commonly reached by the anterior transcallosal and anterior transcortical approaches.
This anterior transcallosal approach is suitable for lesions in the frontal horn and body of the lateral ventricles and for reaching the anterosuperior part of the third ventricle through the lateral ventricle. The transcallosal approach is easier to perform than the transcortical approach if the ventricles are of a normal size or are minimally enlarged. The transcortical approach is suitable for reaching tumors in the anterior part of the ipsilateral lateral ventricle and the anterosuperior part of the third ventricle. It is more difficult to expose the lateral ventricle on the opposite side through the transcortical than through the transcallosal approach.
The transcortical approach is facilitated if the lateral ventricles are enlarged. The posterior transcortical approach directed through the superior parietal lobule is the preferred route for exposing lesions situated within the posterior part of the body and the atrium or arising in the glomus of the choroid plexus. The posterior transcortical approach, directed through the superior parietal lobule, exposes the interior of the atrium and posterior part of the body and the thalamic surface facing the posterior third ventricle, atrium, and quadrigeminal cisterns. The posterior transcallosal approach directed along the medial occipital surface may be selected for a lesion that extends upward from the atrium through the posterior part of the splenium, or that arises in the splenium and extends into the roof or the upper part of the medial wall of the atrium, or that arises in the splenium and extends into the posterior third ventricle. The temporal horn lesions may be approached by the frontotemporal (pterional), posterior frontotemporal, temporal, or subtemporal approach. The posterior frontotemporal approach, in which the pterional flap is extending backward to the area above the ear, is used for a lesion involving the anterior portion of the temporal horn, which can be exposed through a small cortical incision in the anterior part of the temporal lobe or through a temporal lobectomy. The temporal and subtemporal routes to the temporal horn are used for a lesion in the middle or posterior third of the temporal horn or for selected lesions in the cisterns medial to the temporal horn. In the direct transtemporal approach, the temporal horn of the nondominant hemisphere is exposed by an incision in the middle or inferior temporal gyrus anterior to the optic radiations. A preferable route to temporal horn is the subtemporal route, which minimizes the possibility of damage to the optic radiations and speech centers of the dominant hemisphere. In the subtemporal approach, the cortical incision is in the occipitotemporal gyrus, or collateral sulcus, on the inferior surface of the temporal lobe.