الفهرس 
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Abstract
Anesthesia awareness, also known as unintended intraoperative awareness, is the explicit recall of sensory perceptions during general anesthesia. Although it is rare, its incidence may approach 1% in patients at high risk.It has been reported in children and can lead to anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder.
BIS is a processed EEG that is widely accepted and used to assess neurological function and depth of anesthesia, it is one of the measures used to prevent awareness by measuring level of consciousness intra-operatively.
Perioperative magnesium sulphate has been reported to reduce anaesthetic requirement.Moreover, in these studies, the time required to reach a BIS value of 60 was significantly less for magnesium-treated patients than untreated controls. In addition, magnesium has also been reported to have antinociceptive effects in animal and human models of pain, and to reduce intraoperative analgesic consumption.
This study was designed to test the hypotheses that, the use of certain sedative agent as magnesium sulphate can affect the BIS values in infants and older children. We enrolled 80 pediatric patients divided into two equal groups each included 40 patients, group I did not receive magnesium sulphate intraoperative , group II received magnesium sulphate , we compared both groups as regards BIS values ( measured before induction, after induction and every ten minutes), tidal volume, respiratory rate, end tidal CO2 and oxygen saturation.
Our study showed that Comparing both patient groups as regards BIS values showed significant difference between both groups with lower BIS values in group II that received magnesium sulphate intraoperative . Tidal volume was statistically significantly higher in group I than group II.
Respiratory rate was statistically significantly higher in group I than group II after induction of anesthesia and intraoperative from 10 to 40 minutes and at 60 minutes. No statistical significant differences between the studied groups as regards to End tidal CO2 except at 80 minutes intraoperative . No statistical significant differences between the studied groups as regards to arterial oxygen saturation.
We concluded that intravenous magnesium sulphate a bolus of 25 mg/kg then 8 mg/kg /hour reduced the time required to reach a BIS value of 60 or less and the BIS values were lower in pediatric patients during general anesthesia.