الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Measles is an acute viral illness caused by a virus in the
family Paramyxoviruis, genus Morbillivirus, measles virus is
the most contagious virus known to human kind and a leading
cause of mortality in children world wide
It spreads by the respiratory route and causes a well
defined disease in seronegative individuals usually in early
childhood .
Measles is characterized by a prodorome (2-5) days and
then begins with increasing fever, cough, coryza and
conjunctivitis and followed by erythrematousmaculopapular
rash. It begins to fade (3-4) days after it appears, clinical
recovery begins soon after the appearance of the rash.
Complications of measles include conjunctivitis,
keratitis, laryngeotracheobronchitis, pneumonia and most
dangerously encephalitis. Although usually a mild or
moderately severe illness of childhood, measles can result in
residual impairment form encephalitis and up to death .
Measles is an ideal virus for eradication through
immunization because cases are clinically identifiable and with
only one serotype. Despite the development of a successful
live attenuated vaccine, measles remains a major cause of
mortality in children particularly in developing countries, and
a continuing cause of outbreaks in industrialized nations .
Rubella also a vaccine preventable disease is caused by
a virus in the family Togaviridae, genus Rubivirus.
Rubella is transmitted through oropharyngyeal
secretions, children and pregnant women are the primary
susceptible groups. It is normally a self-limiting disease, with
incubation period from 16-18 days. The patient remains
infective 2 days before the rash and 7 days after, it is
characterized by rash, fever and lymphadenopathy .
The rash is the initial manifestation of the disease, it is
first seen on the face and spreads to the trunk and limbs,
lesions appear as distinct maculopapules that later coalesce
and then fade rapidly over several days. Complications include
arthropathy, thrombocytopenia and encephalopathy.
It carries little morbidity, however infection during early
pregnancy may lead to congenital rubella syndrome. In infants
with congenital rubella syndrome, the virus may cause long
term damage to many organs and body systems including eyes,
ears, the heart and nervous system.
Despite the efficacy of the current rubella vaccine,
problems still exist. These include potential dangers associated
with vaccination of pregnant women or immune compromised
patients and also lack of immunity of some women of child
bearing age due to either (missed opportunity for vaccination,
vaccine failure or durability of the immune response elicited.
In this study we found that despite vaccination against
measles and German measles is compulsory many people were
still susceptibleeither due to ignorance or their immune system ..