الفهرس 
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Abstract
Objectives: Maintain the vitality of seeds of wheat and maize during different periods of storage by studying the most appropriate transaction for the prevention of fungal infection and insect during different periods of storage. Reducing losses in seed quality during storage and access to the most appropriate transactions to maintain quality of seeds stored from previous seasons. The study of the most appropriate transaction for the seeds to get the best germination and seedling vigor under field conditions and after storage for more than a season and thus increase the homogeneity and thus increase the yield.
Methods & Results: Laboratory experiments: seed quality (germination percentage, insect infestation percentage and fungi infection percentage), vigor seed (speed of germination, energy of germination, germination rate, mean time germination and electrical conductivity) and vigor seedling (seedling length and seedlings fresh as well as dry weight and the loss in dry weight of seeds. Field experiment: field emergence, speed of germination, mean germination time and seedlings fresh as well as dry weight. Effect of seed moisture content of wheat and maize significant on the studied traits after storage periods where the increased moisture content from 11 to 14 and 17% to the low seed quality, seed vigor and seedling vigor while a increase moisture content to increase in mean germination time, electrical conductivity in the soaked seeds, fungi infection percentage, insect infestation percentage and loss seed dry weight and in the field after 6 and 18 months of storage: increase the moisture content of seeds from 11% to 17% resulted in low field emergence and speed germination, while resulting increased mean germination time and decrease in seedlings fresh and dry weight. The results showed significant effect seed treatments of wheat and maize after storage periods , gave seeds fumigation with phosphine under a relative humidity 37% better quality of seeds from seed untreated and fungicide while fumigation seed wheat or maize treatment with neem oil or fungicide under 57% relative humidity gave the best seedlings fresh weight and untreated seed or treatment by fumigation under 77% relative humidity recorded the highest fungi infection percentage while the lowest insect infestation percentage and seed dry weight loss recorded by treatment with fumigation. In the field after 6 and 18 months from storage fumigation seed wheat or maize with fungicide under a relative humidity 37% recorded the highest field emergence, speed of germination, the fastest mean germination time, the highest fresh and dry weight while seed fungicide treatment, neem or untreated led to have all the traits of wheat seeds and recipes low in maize after 18 months of storage. The results showed the existence of significant effect of the interaction between seed moisture content and seed treatments for most of the traits of seed wheat and maize after storage periods. Seed wheat or maize at moisture content 14% when fumigation with phosphine under relative humidity 37% recorded the highest seed quality while recorded seed moisture 11% when treated with phosphine under relative humidity 37% the highest germination energy, germination rate and the lowest mean germination time. seed moisture content 11% registered lowest fungi infection while in the field after 6 and 18 months seed wheat at moisture content 11% when fumigation under relative humidity 37% recorded the highest readings for each traits of seed wheat or maize.