الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 183 |  |  |
| | | from | 183 | | |
Abstract
These study were carried out in the region of Borg El Arab on the northwest coast of Egypt and away from the city of Alexandria about 48 km one of the new cities that have been constructed and located at latitude 30 ▫ 45 and 30 ▫ 55 north and at longitude 29 ▫ 30 and 29 ▫ 50 east and covers an area of 5000 acre which is rising from the sea by 23 meters.
The aim of this study
Objective of this study were (i) to assess of wastewater quality used in irrigation in Borg El Arab region and comparing it with Bahig irrigated with Nile water (Control), (ii) to assess the three main categories of soil indicators: chemical, physical and biological, (iii) study the influence of wastewater quality on soil pollution, soil health and yield production, (iv) study the status of plant grown on wastewater enzymatically, and (v) predict statistical model correlate between soil health and data set of various soil and water properties.
Four sites of Borg El Aarab area were selected, Bahig irrigated with Nile water (Control), and the Mary Mina where they are mixing sewage Complex Mary Mina water irrigation and industrial area along the fourth (Emtedad El Rabaa) where they are mixing industrial wastewater irrigation water in the region adjacent to the reins of the village Elsaied Darwish, The area irrigated by artesian wells Alroystadt, as the site for the study and to achieve these goals, surface sampling and subsurface soil at different distances from the sources of irrigation spaces (5000,1500,1000,500,250,50 meters) water samples were taken on the same distances.
Estimation of chemical characteristics, physical and biological for soil irrigation water and plant was estimated. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, carotenoids and oxidative enzymes and chemical properties of leaves, were also determined.
Results obtained can be summarized in the flowing:
• Soil
• Increasing soil salinity in some areas, especially under conditions of irrigation with artesian water ranged from of 5.51 to 5.71 dS/m in the surface layer and 4.40 -4.22 Desimans per meter (dS/m) in the subsurface average 5.61 and 4.31 dS/m
• The pH values ranged from 8.31 to 8.89 in the soils studied.
• Proportion of the total calcium carbonate was higher than 28% in most of the t soils studied.
Soil content of organic matter is low in much of the soils studied with average values of 0.45% and 0.36% in the surface and subsurface soil samples respectively.
• Nitrogen content available in the area under study is low and higher value was 26 to 24 mg / kg in the surface layers and subsurface, respectively .
• Soil potassium content available was low less than 39.02 mg / kg in surface layer and 20.21 mg / kg in the subsurface layer.
• Soil content of nutrients is pretty high in the soil; zinc decline, while the increasing levels of pollution at the border and the most critical is the Fe
• Values of cation exchange capacity renged between 21 Cmole per kilogram in the surface layer of all soil and increased in layers under irrigation with wastewater or lower values under artesian irrigation conditions
• For biomass microbial low values in all the soil, except for soil irrigated with sewage water where values ranged in the surface layer between (0.610 ml/ gram) at 50 meters, where getting near the source of irrigation and less until it reach the lowest level under irrigation with industrial water (0.049 mg /g).
• Values of the enzyme activity varied as follous; dehydrogenase was (54.34 ± micrograms TPF / g dry soil / 24 hours) in the surface layer of irrigation Nile and (45.40 micrograms TPF / g dry soil / 24 hour) then increased after 50 meters from irrigation source.The sewage and industrial wastewater showed (88.21, 137.95, 163.02 micrograms TPF / g dry soil/ 24 hours) respectively, but the same sources from subsurface average was (69.34, 107.44, 99.83) and less enzyme activity was observed as distance increased.
• Increase in the activity of the enzyme phosphatase in the surface layer and decreases with depth and distance.
• Urease enzyme activity ranged from (1.12 to 9.21 micrograms NH4 / N / g dry soil / two hours) in the surface layer and under the conditions of the Nile irrigation and industrial respectively
• Increased activity of enzymes closer to the source of pollution, industrial waste, followed by sewage followed by artesian then Nile (control), and in the surface layer and the subsurface was the least at a distance of 5000 meters respectively.
• The relationship between the soil microbial biomass and organic matter in the surface layer and the subsurface under a strong positive relationship the more organic matter increased biomass and less correlation with organic matter when industrial wastewater was used.