الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
(1) Chapter I
This chapter presents a literature survey and an introduction to disinfection by products (DBPs) and their precursors in water with special focus on trihalomethanes (THMs) identification, analytical investigations, health risks and regulatory time line in drinking water in the world and in Egypt. And, it presents an introduction to natural organic matter (NOM) in water, its sources, origin and species which may play very important role in the formation of disinfections by products in water. And shed the light on some water treatment techniques and concepts which will be the case in this study.
(2) Chapter II
Chapter II contains the experimental part, materials, solutions; instruments which have been employed in the work, in addition to the technical procedures. Also, it addresses the analytical methods which have been employed in the study to investigate the water quality parameters, trihalomethanes (THMs) and their precursors, in addition to natural organic matter fractionation method by XAD resins in chromatographic columns and a description of the New Al azab treatment plant and its main water source in Fayoum.
(3) Chapter III
This chapter presents results and discussions for THMs formation and their precursors in selected drinking water treatment plants and the main water source in Fayoum. In this study, analytical investigations for THMs and their precursors have been performed in terms of the following approaches as addressed in chapter:
1-The main water quality parameters, THMs formation and natural organic matter surrogate characteristics have been assessed through long term monitoring program and correlation to each other and to THMs formation have been established for raw water in Fayoum governorate.
2- Understanding the seasonal changes in organic matter characteristics and their reactivity should lead to a better optimization of the treatment processes and a more consistent water quality. Specific focus has been given to the impacts of seasonal variations on the formation of Trihalomethanes (THMs), main water quality characteristics and organic matter levels in treated water of the New Al azab water treatment plant in Fayoum governorate.
3- The variations within treatment processes were monitored and also successfully assessed by studying the removal performance of New Al azab water treatment plant for the main parameters, THMFP and NOM surrogate parameters in addition to THMs formation values through the treatment processes
4- Specific focus has been given to the analytical investigations for the organic matter in water using XAD resins fractionation. After organic matter fractionation has been completed each fraction contribution and their aromatic content to the bulk content of NOM was studied. To determine the most reactive species of NOM fractions in water, each fraction of NOM has been chlorinated to measure the reactivity of each fraction with chlorine separately.
5- Variations of NOM fractions through the treatment processes were monitored and also successfully assessed by studying the removal performance and fate of these fractions in New Al azab water treatment plant in terms of their weight (DOC), aromaticity (SUVA254).
6- To investigate and characterize the hydrophobic matter in Fayoum water, its surrogate parameters and reactivity. Hydrophobicity influence on the trihalomethanes formation has been investigated. Correlation between hydrophobic weight (DOC) and ultraviolet absorbance with the reactivity of the matter have been established.
7- Spatial and seasonal changes in THMs concentrations were investigated by tracking THMs values in Fayoum governorate distribution systems for more evaluation and controlling THMs. Water quality parameters were monitored at points along the distribution system between the treatment plant and the system extremities which represent variable residence times of water. Sampling program was conducted and samples were collected from the distribution system pipe lines related to the water treatment plants. Samples were collected from set of point’s faucets across 25 km of the distribution system line to study the impact of distance on THMs values and NOM surrogate parameters with THMs values and chlorine decay.