الفهرس 
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Abstract
Kokzi- Des® is a chlorocresol disinfectant for stables and farms. Zeron 20 is a commercial product containing EGCG, PA and LC with an antioxidant and immunostimulant activity. This study was designed to investigate the toxic effects of Kokzi-Des in broiler chickens (Cobb 500) and the ameliorating role of Zeron 20 as antioxidant against such toxic effects. Twenty chicks (21 day old) were used in determination of the acute oral LD50 of Kokzi- Des®. Another sixty chicks (1 day old) were used in the immune- and genotoxicity investigations. They were assigned into 4 equal groups. Group 1: control; group 2: Received Kokzi- Des® at 1/20 LD50 (46.44 mg chlorocresol /kg b.wt./day) via food; group 3: Received the formulated Zeron- 20 at 0.25 ml/1liter/day via drinking water; group 4: Received both Kokzi- Des® and Zeron- 20 concomitantly by the same mentioned dose and route. Kokzi Des and zeron 20 exposure was done for 45 days. The calculated oral LD50 of Kokzi- Des® was 928.75 mg chlorocresol /kg. The results revealed that Kokzi- Des® daily exposure of chickens is immunosupressive and genotoxic as indicated by inhibition of both HIR (unapparent) and CMIR (Severe); increased MNE %; decreased hepatic total DNA content with increased % of fragmentation; biochemical and histopathological alterations in liver and lymphoid organs.
Kokzi- Des® effects on HIR were mainly in the form of insignificant decrease in blood protein levels; specific IgG antibody titer against BSA and NDV; AIV; IBV antibody titers. However, the observed suppressive effects on CMIR were significant decrease in DTH, phagocyte activity of blood monocytes and total and differential leukocytic counts. Also, Kokzi- Des® exposure resulted in significant increase in blood and hepatic tissue MDA with significant decrease in GSH content and CAT activity. In addition, it induced significant increase in serum ALT activity with severe histopathological lesions in liver, spleen and bursa of fabricious. Zeron 20 co- treatment ameliorated most of these toxic effects indicating its protective antioxidant effect. In conclusion, Kokzi- Des® exposure of chickens is immunosupressive and genotoxic. Zeron 20 co- treatment abrogated these oxidative toxic effects.