الفهرس 
المحتوياتيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Skill and tactical training is one of the cornerstones for training status formation and reaching sports form, where physical training components are integrated with skill, and tactical training in preparing soccer players, and, tactical training effectiveness and developing player’s ability to implement tactical duties determined mainly by physical and skills performance level. Completing skill performance during the games is not isolated from tactical or physical performance, as implementing attack and defense plans either individual or offensive is achieved through conscious and continuous movements without the ball and mastered skills with the ball to allow more opportunities for player to focus his attention and directing his thought towards the implementation of play plans and control the competitive situation.
Each attack plan start from organized defense, there is no doubt that the strong defense give team players trust and confidence in performing attack skills, and hence pressing and condensed defense is the most popular in modern plans, value if fast break attack clarified, represented in his wits in intelligence in estimating when, where and how to move?, which means to take advantage of simple time factor and small space available to him if he get rids of defender before another defender reach him. The modern trend in soccer is to strengthen the attack and ensure diversities in its plans, especially sudden attack and fast break attack after organized defense. Players must players should have courage to perform their attack and shooting skills from anywhere and at any time during the game, especially when it defense mistaken , the attack is considered distinctive if it took advantage from defender mistake to score a surprise goal, it is a high ability requires stabled skill, mental and willingness characteristic.
The reversed fast break attack could be performed in individual, dual, collective or team method in terms of its formation, but in terms of its components is composed of performance time, performance speed and number of passes which plays a prominent role in shaping the fast break attack effectiveness, as time is reduced , fast performance , low number of passes and moving the ball deep in opponent defenses as more chances to finish the attack effectively and increased scoring opportunities. Therefore, all available resources should be exploited during the match, with what suit players’ capabilities, the higher the level of individual and collective skills, the more usage of different tactical plans in matches.
Perhaps work on developing fast break attack has great importance if coaches deal with it effectively and accurately, because there are stages in match make it imperative for the team to play with fast break attack method, which is always effective and achieve good results because that the team who lost the ball is not in position allow thinking and organization defenders lines and that’s what makes these attacks achieve positive result. This attack thought and effective attack method should be given to junior players to develop with their thoughts in order to develop attack process which coaches work on it throughout the year to score highest proportion of goals and so the team properly performed attack duty this is the team.
Research objectives:
• Design a training program to develop fast break attack for soccer juniors in Sulaymaniyah governorate in Kurdistan region.
• Identify the training program effect on developing fast break attack for soccer juniors in Sulaymaniyah governorate in Kurdistan region.
Research hypotheses :
1- No statistically significant differences between pre and post measurements for experimental and control groups in performance of fact break attack for soccer juniors in Kurdistan region, Iraq.
2- There are statistically significant differences between pre and post measurements for experimental and control groups in favor of post measurements for experimental group
3- There is positive effect for the training program on developing fast break attack between both groups in favor of experimental group post-measurements
4- There are statistically significant differences between experimental and control groups in percentage of performance level improvement in favor of experimental group post measurement .
Research Methodology
Due to research nature Researcher used two approaches, namely:
1- Descriptive approach using scientific observation to extract fast break attack situations by analyzing UEFA Cup matches in 2012.
2- Experimental approach with pre and post measurement method for two group, one experimental and the other is control
Research Sample
The sample included 54 soccer juniors Sulaymaniyah Governorate of Kurdistan region, Iraq under ( 16) years representing ( Sulaymaniyah - Nairouz - Ashti - Sroany noy) clubs. Exploratory study was conducted on 24 junior and main study was conducted on 30 juniors divided into two equal groups one experimental and the other control each consisted of 15 junior players
Data collection tools :
- Questionnaires for experts to identify fast break attack places, number of passes, total time and final result .
- Questionnaires for experts about their opinion in tests designed by researcher to measure fast break attack.
- The proposed training program
Main study : the application of the training program
The training program aims to develop fast break attack for junior players under 16 years old using high and low intensity interval training, taking into account individual differences among players.
The program included the following parts:
1- General and special physical preparation part through integral developing of physical fitness components as they are interlinked series , one of them could not be separated from the other .
2- Skill preparation part through development of skills side within players.
3- Tactical preparation part: the largest part in training program content, which done through developing attack within players in line with world soccer.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the program in developing fast break attacks for soccer juniors . 8 skill tests were designed from reality of attack plans for World Cup and pre and post measurement the experimental and control groups
Statistical treatments used in the research :
Statistical Package for Social Sciences, known scientifically as (SPSS) has been used to obtain the following statistical treatments :
- Central tendency measures (mean - median - standard deviation – skewnes coefficient )
- T test for differences between two paired groups
- T test for one group
- Pearson correlation coefficient
- Validity factor
- ETA coefficient
- Effect size
- Percentage
Conclusions:
Within the limits of the applicable tests and training program in this research, researcher reached the following conclusions:
1-The result lead to that there is no difference between in measurement tribal for both groups (control group and Experimental groups) in performance level for snap attack with teenager football team in sulaimaniyah.
2- The result leads to that, the program which experimented had positive effect on the level of snap attack , upgrade with teenager soccer team in sulaimaniyah.
3-The result lead to that , training which extracted and take from analysis of matches , had positive effect on the level of snap attack upgrade with teenager soccer team in sulimany , also results lead to that there is improvement in the performance test time for snap attack for the benefit experimental group.
Recommendations
Within the research methodology and tools used and conclusions, researcher recommends the following:
Asking Kurdistan soccer Union to consider the following:
1- Using applied training program in the research as guide in training on fast break attack in soccer in Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan region,
2- Using fast break effectiveness developing program as guide in training and preparation of soccer in Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan region,
3- Using fast break test used in the research as guide evaluating fast break effectiveness within soccer juniors in Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan region,
4- Using research procedures as a guide to analyze skill performance and extracting planning skill situations for fast break attack in soccer