الفهرس 
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Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is represented by a diverse group of
symptoms that include intrusive thoughts, rituals, preoccupations, and
compulsions,which are time-consuming and interfere significantly with the
person’s normal routine, occupational functioning, usual social activities, or
relationships(Kaplan & Sadock’s , 2007 ).
The rates of OCD are fairly consistent, with a lifetime prevalence in the
general population estimated at 2 to 3 percent
Many studies have demonstrated that the content of OCD in Arab and
Islamic population are mostly of religious type where religious themes
predominated in both the obsessions and compulsions(Okasha et al,1991 –
Mahgoub&Abdul.hafez,1991 – Al.sabaie et al,1991 – Tezcan & Millet,1997
– Millet el al ,2000 – Okasha,2001).
One study showed that OCD symptoms presentation can be influenced by
one’s religion and culture (Sica et al, 2002).
Individuals with scrupulous obsessions may have anxiety related to their
religion, sinning, and guilt, which can cause religious practices and rituals to
become compulsive (Deacon & Nelson, 2008). Also, these individuals are
often more religious and more likely to seek out religious counseling and
less likely to receive medical treatment (Siev et al, 2011).
The research in Islamic view of many psychiatric disorders, roles of Sharia
(Islamic legislation) about issues connected with these disorders, prevent
swindlers and imposters from exploiting patients on basis of religion.
Most of early Islamic scholars have related most cases of OCD to the devil
and relate it to religion, but there are three types of obsession by the Islamic
understanding
First : self talk which relate to pleasure , self- love , wishes and desires ,
regardless of whether it is halal or forbidden .
Second: the whispers of Satan : the obsessive- whisperer, that enough to
seek refuge in God to get rid of him . Third: obsessive-compulsive disorder is the most important characteristic
that its contrary to the nature of the person and is not sufficient to seek
refuge with Allah from the accursed Satan to get rid of him .
Arabic speakers using Obsessive to describe Doubt, Excessive fear about
health , Extremism in religion and Overconcern , which is different from the
psychiatric use of the word.
As Muslims we find the devil’s role may be source of the first intrusive idea
in the beginning of the Obsessions in some cases,who are susceptible for
OCD
Many studies support the association between Religiosity and Obsessive
traits in Obsessive Compulsive personality(Kendler et al, 1999) , (Lewis,
1999) , (Lewis, 1994) , (Greenberg, 1984), but not between religiosity and
symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive disorder (Lewis, 1994).
Religious patients receiving religious psychotherapy showed significantly
more rapid improvement in anxiety symptoms than those who received
supportive psychotherapy and drugs only,where needed lower dosage of
medications and for periods less than others ( Axhar et al, 1994).
also Religious component in CBT can be effective for religious oriented
OCD patients (SH. Akuchekian , 2011) (V. Omranifard , 2011).
Another study (Z.Nazar ,2011) reflects the role of religion as cognitive
behavioral therapy (CBT) could be significant in Islamic culture.
Elliott and Radomsky (2008) suggest that through collaboration members of
the religious community, psychologists could provide adequate support for
individuals suffering from scrupulous obsessions. So The correct teachings
of Islam can determine which rituals are extreme and which are appropriate,
and they may be able to offer guidance and treatment. Additionally, highly
religious individuals often consult their religious leaders rather than
clinicians for help (Miller et al., 2008), so providing OCD education and
specialized treatment trainings in religious settings could be beneficial to
bringing therapies that have been shown to be effective to more people
suffering from these obsessions.
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A program of religious therapy provided by Abu Zaid al-Balkhi was very
close to the curricula of therapy used by therapists and psychologists in
various parts of the world now (Mustafa Saadany ,2002).
About 25% of patients refuse or DROP out from exposure and response
prevention, and of those that adhere to the therapy about 75% improve
(National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, 2005).
In fact, numerous clinical studies conducted over the past fifteen years have
conclusively found that CBT, either with or without medication, is
dramatically superior to all other forms of treatment for OCD (P. M.
Salkovskis, 2007).
No welldesigned single case studies have been published on interventions
other than CBT(NICE ,2006), Further work is needed to validate alternative
treatments for OCD.
More work also needs to be done to determine how to best tailor treatment to
individual needs. Most studies do not have sufficient power to break down
treatment response by OCD subtype such as “washers,” “checkers,”
“orderers,” and “hoarders.” Some subtypes have been studied more than
others, and some subtypes are typically excluded from (Randomized Control
Trials).