الفهرس 
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Abstract
The kidney comprises of heterogeneous cell populalations that function together to perform a number of tightly controlled and complex processes renal ischemia/ reperfusion (T/R) injury is a common cause of acute renal failure and contributed to consider able morbidity associated with sugery and anesthesia one cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) is ischemia which can occur for a number of reasons for example with the use of the vasoconstricive druge or radio contrast agents hypotension linked to loss of blood after sugery.
Stem cells play fundamental roles in the self-renewal of adult tissues throughout life bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells have been discovered to transdifferentiate into cells of different germ layers physiologically mesenchmal stem cells give rise to osteocytes chondrocytes and adipocytes but were recently found to differentiate into endothelial myocardial liver renal and pulmonary epithelial cells.
Cellular loss most often leads to the infiltration of bone marrow (BM)-derived inflammatory cells that may contribute to both tissue destruction or repair depending on the extent of injury mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from the BM have initiated considerable excitement in their role to promote kidney repair and tissue remodeling through the paracrine secretion of mitogenic and angiogenic
The present work aimed to treat the renal tubulointerstitial injury induced by ischemia using MSC drived from bone marrow
This was achieved through 70 male Sprague dwaley rats which were divided into 3 group as follow:
1)sham group (10 rats): rats were subjected to right nephrectomy exposure of left renal pedicle with no ischema
2)positive control group (30 rats ): rats were subjected to right nephrectomy and left renal ischemia for 45 minutes (definitive ischemia)
3)treated group (30rats): like control group but were injected with MSCs after ischemia
The two last groups were subdivided into 3 subgroup each contains 10 rats in each subgroups were subdivided into 3 subgroups each contains 10 rats in each subgroup blood samples were collected and was harvested at 3 days 5 days and 7 days after ischema
The results of this study are analyzed and the following conclusions can be drawn:
1)ischaemia-reperfusion-induced by blamping the rat renal artery causes renal functions impairment histological damage
2)the effects of injection of mesenchymal stem cells in treated animals show the ability of MSCs to recovery of renal function in renal ischemia and provide the basis for a new therapeutic concept for the treatment of acute renal failure