الفهرس 
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Abstract
Typhoid fever remains an underestimated important public health problem in
many developing countries caused by Salmonella (S.) typhi. It is also a serious
disease difficult to be treated with conventional drugs because of the emergence of
the multiple drug resistance (MDR) problem of S. typhi as well as the side effects
of the used antibiotics and hence drawbacks on human health.
In this work the frequency of the electromagnetic waves and magnetic impulses
that interfere with the bioelectrical signals generated during S. typhi and S.
typhimurium cellular division was investigated. The experiment was expanded to
in vivo study for the obtained data.
The isolated S. typhi inoculated in standard laboratory LB broth medium was
subjected to square amplitude modulated waves (QAMW) with different
modulation frequencies in the range 0.1 Hz to 1 Hz from two generators with
constant carrier frequency of 10 MHz, amplitude ±10 Vpp and modulating depth +
1Vpp and constant field strength. The effect of exposure time and modality of
exposure on bacterial growth were determined. Also the role of the carrier wave on
the growth inhibition process was investigated through the replace of QAMW by
use of square magnetic pulse (SMP) at the same resonance inhibiting frequency.
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dielectric relaxation for the microorganism
in suspension, DNA studies and antibiotic sensitivity tests were done for
S. typhi before and after treatment with QAMW or SMP.
The results indicated an inhibiting frequency of 0.8 Hz QAMW or SMP for both
microbes cellular division was achieved after 75 min continuous exposure.
The DNA extracted from S. typhi before and after exposure for 75 min to 0.8 Hz
QAMW was subjected to random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) using.