الفهرس 
Review of LiteratureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study is concerning with the importance of molecular genetic data especially with the co-circulation of respiratory viral mixed infection cases (H9N2, H5N1 and NDV) with IBVs to better understand the evolution of these viruses in the Egyptian poultry sectors. Our findings indicated that the recent Egyptian IBVs co-circulating during 2012 evolved separately and at least four subgroups of viruses. The distinctive dissimilarity between these groups indicated that the antigenic drift is likely to occur among some Egyptian IBV strains as a result of mutation events and or recombination events. This study reports the co-circulation of different IBV serotypes in the commercial broiler Egyptian flocks during 2012 beside other respiratory viral mixed infections (H9N2, H5N1 an NDV).
Different forms of respiratory viral mixed infections were fully discussed based on isolation, antigenic and genetic characterization. These forms were described as follow; pure IBV infection form, IBV co-infected with NDV from, IBV co-infected with NDV and H9N2 AIV form, and IBV co-infected with NDV and H5N1 AIV.
This study reports the co-infection of IBV with H9N2 AIV which was belonging to group B of G1 lineage of great similarity with Israeli like and the circulating Egyptian H9N2 strains.
Beside, this study reports the co-infection of IBV with H5N1 which was belonging to Clade 2.2.1/C of great similarity with the circulating Egyptian H5N1 strains
However, this study reports the co-infection of IBV with NDV which was belonging to subgenotype VIId of great similarity with the Chinese like strains.