الفهرس 
acknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
It is a clear fact that the Earth’s climate has been changing since the pre-industrial era,
especially during the last three decades. This change is generally attributed to two main factors:
greenhouse gases (GHGs) and solar activity changes. However, these factors are not allindependent
and the contributions of the above-mentioned factors are still disputed.
This work represents a study through a long period (1880-2011) for the solar geomagnec
activity on the global surface temperature. The global surface temperature are strongly sensitive
to the 21.3-yr, 10.6-yr, and 5.3-yr variations that observed in the considered geomagnetic and
sunspot spectra. The changes in aa geomagnetic may reflect partially some future changes in
the global surface temperatures.
We have investigated the effect of solar and geomagnetic parameters on the mean surface
air temperatures (MSAT) recorded at different location which covers a wide range of geographic
latitudes. In this case, we have selected six locations in the northern and southern hemispheres
which are; USA, Canada, Switzerland, Russia, Japan and South Africa. This enables us to
examine the existence of solar activity effects on the regional/global temperatures.
The raw temperatures data used cover 64 city center’s that are at which continuous
records data were available. It is well known that the surface air temperatures show serious
variations with the altitude and the air pressure. Altitudes of our data station vary between 1 and
1700m. Thus, we obtained five sub-regions (G1 to G5).
Correlation analyses between the monthly solar activity indices and temperature data were
applied to each group (G1 to G5), separately. The total solar irradiance TSI has the greatest effect
on the climate change and independent on the temperature group classifications. A small change
in energy flux that reached the Earth play an important or a leading role on climate changes in
such countries. In addition the earlier changes of solar parameters may be partially effectedIt is a clear fact that the Earth’s climate has been changing since the pre-industrial era,
especially during the last three decades. This change is generally attributed to two main factors:
greenhouse gases (GHGs) and solar activity changes. However, these factors are not allindependent
and the contributions of the above-mentioned factors are still disputed.
This work represents a study through a long period (1880-2011) for the solar geomagnec
activity on the global surface temperature. The global surface temperature are strongly sensitive
to the 21.3-yr, 10.6-yr, and 5.3-yr variations that observed in the considered geomagnetic and
sunspot spectra. The changes in aa geomagnetic may reflect partially some future changes in
the global surface temperatures.
We have investigated the effect of solar and geomagnetic parameters on the mean surface
air temperatures (MSAT) recorded at different location which covers a wide range of geographic
latitudes. In this case, we have selected six locations in the northern and southern hemispheres
which are; USA, Canada, Switzerland, Russia, Japan and South Africa. This enables us to
examine the existence of solar activity effects on the regional/global temperatures.
The raw temperatures data used cover 64 city center’s that are at which continuous
records data were available. It is well known that the surface air temperatures show serious
variations with the altitude and the air pressure. Altitudes of our data station vary between 1 and
1700m. Thus, we obtained five sub-regions (G1 to G5).
Correlation analyses between the monthly solar activity indices and temperature data were
applied to each group (G1 to G5), separately. The total solar irradiance TSI has the greatest effect
on the climate change and independent on the temperature group classifications. A small change
in energy flux that reached the Earth play an important or a leading role on climate changes in
such countries. In addition the earlier changes of solar parameters may be partially effected.