الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a blood-borne pathogen and a member
of the hepadnavirus family. (HBV) infection is a substantial public health
problem, with approximately 400 million virus carriers worldwide.
Infections and cancers that are caused by (HBV) are important worldwide
health problems with critical outcomes.
Drug resistance remains a global public health problem and
resistance to LMV is emerging. This phenomenon is mediated primarily
by mutations in the gene of the virus that alter a drug’s interaction with its
corresponding target protein. Typically, mutations in the YMDD motif of
the polymerase gene develop after the first 6 months of treatment.
The presence of HBV DNA in peripheral blood reflects active viral
replication in the liver. HBV DNA quantification can be used to monitor
viral replication kinetics to understand the mechanism of infection, to
monitor the effect of therapy or the emergence of drug-resistant variants.
Through the use of sensitive, quantitative assays, the kinetics of
emergence of YMDD-variant HBV may be more extensively evaluated
and correlated with clinical aspects of response to therapy (e.g., changes
in necroinflammatory findings in liver biopsies, changes in serum alanine
aminotransferase levels, propensity for hepatitis B antigen
seroconversion, etc.).
The current study was carried out in the Medical Biochemistry
Department, Faculty Of Medicine, Menofia University and the National
Liver Institute on 50 chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients receiving
lamivudine treatment for more than 6 months, 25 patients were
responding to lamivudine therapy (5 females and 20 males) and 25
patients were resistant (1 female and resistant group underwent PCR-RFLP and mutational testing and were
subdivided into non muatant and mutant subgroups, group 2A and group
2B.
Group 2A (non mutant group): Included 13 subjects.
Group 2B (mutant group): Included 7 subjects.
All the patients were selected from the National Liver Institute,
Menofia University.
• The current study showed no significant statistical
differences between the studied groups as regarding age and
gender.
• Significant statistical difference between the studied groups
regarding to the presence of HBe Ag, while there is no
significant statistical difference as regarding the presence of
anti HBe.
• Significant statistical differences between the studied groups
as regarding their pre and post treatment PCR, pre and post
treatment ALT, while there was no significant statistical
differences as regarding pre and post treatment AST,
bilirubin and albumin.
• Significant statistical differences in the studied sensitive
group as regarding pretreatment and post treatment PCR and
significant statistical differences in the studied resistant
group as regarding pretreatment and post treatment PCR .
• No significant statistical difference between the studied
groups as regarding follow up period.males). Twenty subjects from the