الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was mainly dealt with an experimentally induced laryngeal hemiplegia in donkeys as well as on the different varieties of the upper respiratory tract affections in equine.
This work was designed into two main parts:
A)Experimental part
B)Clinical part.
Al-EXPERIMENTAL PART:
Thirty nine appearently healthy donkeys of both sexes and different ages (3-17 years old) were used in the experimental part.
The experimental part of the present study includes:
I-Anatomical studies on the donkey’s larynx ( 3 animals).
II-Laryngotomy operation ( 12 animals ).
III-Experimentally induced LH (24 animals).
I-ANATOMICAL STUDIES ON The DONKEY LARYNX:
Three donkeys were sacrificed and their larynx were separated and studied anatomically. The intrinsic muscles as well as the different anatomical structure of the larynx were dissected and identified.
II- LARYNGOTOMY
Laryngotomy was carried out on 12 healthy donkeys of different ages and sexes. These animals were subdivided equally into 4 subgroups:
Subgroup (1): The laryngotomy wound was left to heal by the second intention without suturing. Evaluation of The different Surgical Techniques for Correction of The experimentally induced LLH :
Evaluation of the different surgical techniques for correction of the experimentaly induced LH was performed by recording and comparison of the following:
a)- Respiratory parameters. b)-Endoscopic Examination. c)- Postmortem Examination.
Subgroup (2): The cricothyroid membrane was coapetated with simple continuous suture using synthetic absorbable suture materials (Coated Vicryl )
Subgroup (3):The cricothyroid membrane was coapetated with simple continuous suture using Chromic Catgut
Subgroup (4):The cricothyroid membrane was closed with simple continuous suture pattern using Prolene.
Healing of the laryngotomy wound was completed by the end of the third week in group —1 (second intention). In group -2 healing of laryngotomy wound was completed by the end of the first week. Laryngotomy incision in groups -3 & 4 was completed at day 12 postoperatively. By evaluation of these techniques, the results revealed that, the suturing of the laryngotomy wound with Vicryl (synthetic absorbable suture material )was beneficial for avoiding postoperative complications.
III- EXPERIMENTAL INDUCTION OF LH AND ITS SURGICAL CORRECTION:
Experimental laryngeal hemiplegia was carried out through :
a)Left recurrent laryngeal neurectomy ( 22 animals)
b)Right recurrent laryngeal neurectomy ( one animal)
c)Bilateral recurrent laryngeal neurectomy ( one animal)
All animals were exercised daily by drafting a heavy weight carriage for detection of roaring sound .
Surgical correction of the experimentally induced laryngeal hemiplegia was carried out through four varieties of different surgical techniques: ; sacculectomy, laryngoplasty , combined sacculectomy and laryngoplasty and partial arytenoidectomy. Four animals were used for each technique.